Botrytis, the Good, the Bad and the Ugly

Elad, Y.; Vivier, Melané A.; Fillinger, Sabine

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23371-0_1

Cited by 65 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Botrytis cinerea, a fungal pathogen that infects many crops of economic importance, represents one of the most extensively studied necrotrophic pathogens (Elad et al, 2016;van Kan et al, 2017). Based on its scientific and economic importance, B. cinerea was ranked as the second most important plant-pathogenic fungus (Dean et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MYC2 Orchestrates a Hierarchical Transcriptional Cascade That Regulates Jasmonate-Mediated Plant Immunity in Tomato

et al. 2017

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The hormone jasmonate (JA), which functions in plant immunity, regulates resistance to pathogen infection and insect attack through triggering genome-wide transcriptional reprogramming in plants. We show that the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor (TF) MYC2 in tomato () acts downstream of the JA receptor to orchestrate JA-mediated activation of both the wounding and pathogen responses. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) coupled with RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) assays, we identified 655 MYC2-targeted JA-responsive genes. These genes are highly enriched in Gene Ontology categories related to TFs and the early response to JA, indicating that MYC2 functions at a high hierarchical level to regulate JA-mediated gene transcription. We also identified a group of MYC2-targeted TFs (MTFs) that may directly regulate the JA-induced transcription of late defense genes. Our findings suggest that MYC2 and its downstream MTFs form a hierarchical transcriptional cascade during JA-mediated plant immunity that initiates and amplifies transcriptional output. As proof of concept, we showed that during plant resistance to the necrotrophic pathogen , MYC2 and the MTF JA2-Like form a transcription module that preferentially regulates wounding-responsive genes, whereas MYC2 and the MTF ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR.C3 form a transcription module that preferentially regulates pathogen-responsive genes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MYC2 Orchestrates a Hierarchical Transcriptional Cascade That Regulates Jasmonate-Mediated Plant Immunity in Tomato

et al. 2017

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“…We also parametrized the model for the Botrytis cinerea-grapevine pathosystem. Botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of Botrytis bunch rot (BBR), a serious disease that damages all grapevine organs, and especially bunches, resulting in substantial losses of quantity and quality [32][33][34]. We then operated the model under three climate types to determine whether the use of a specific BCA is more likely to result in effective biocontrol of B. cinerea depending on its adaptation to fluctuating conditions of temperature and relative humidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Generic Model Accounting for the Interactions among Pathogens, Host Plants, Biocontrol Agents, and the Environment, with Parametrization for Botrytis cinerea on Grapevines

et al. 2020

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Although the use of biocontrol agents (BCAs) to manage plant pathogens has emerged as a sustainable means for disease control, global reliance on their use remains relatively insignificant and the factors influencing their efficacy remain unclear. In this work, we further developed an existing generic model for biocontrol of foliar diseases, and we parametrized the model for the Botrytis cinerea–grapevine pathosystem. The model was operated under three climate types to study the combined effects on BCA efficacy of four factors: (i) BCA mechanism of action, (ii) timing of BCA application with respect to timing of pathogen infection (preventative vs. curative), (iii) temperature and moisture requirements for BCA growth, and (iv) BCA survival capability. All four factors affected biocontrol efficacy, but factors iii and iv accounted for > 90% of the variation in model simulations. In other words, the most important factors affecting BCA efficacy were those related to environmental conditions. These findings indicate that the environmental responses of BCAs should be considered during their selection, BCA survival capability should be considered during both selection and formulation, and weather conditions and forecasts should be considered at the time of BCA application in the field.

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“…Botrytis cinerea (Ascomycota) is a textbook example of a highly polyphagous fungal plant pathogen, causing grey mold on more than 1400 known hosts, in 586 plant genera and 152 botanical families, including high-value crops such as grapevine and tomato (polyphagy index = 54; Elad et al , 2016; Supplementary Information 1). B. cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that asexually produces conidia that form a sporulating grey layer on the surface of infected tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The polyphagous plant pathogenic fungusBotrytis cinereaencompasses host-specialized and generalist populations

Mercier

Carpentier

Duplaix

et al. 2019

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The host plant is often the main variable explaining population structure in fungal plant pathogens, because specialization contributes to reduce gene flow between populations associated with different hosts. Previous population genetic analysis revealed that French populations of the grey mould pathogen Botrytis cinerea were structured by hosts tomato and grapevine, suggesting host specialization in this highly polyphagous pathogen. However, these findings raised questions about the magnitude of this specialization and the possibility of specialization to other hosts. Here we report specialization of B. cinerea populations to tomato and grapevine hosts but not to other tested plants. Population genetic analysis revealed two pathogen clusters associated with tomato and grapevine, while the other clusters co-occurred on hydrangea, strawberry and bramble. Measurements of quantitative pathogenicity were consistent with host specialization of populations found on tomato, and to a lesser extent, populations found on grapevine. Pathogen populations from hydrangea and strawberry appeared to be generalist, while populations from bramble may be weakly specialized. Our results suggest that the polyphagous B. cinerea is more accurately described as a collection of generalist and specialist individuals in populations. This work opens new perspectives for grey mold management, while suggesting spatial optimization of crop organization within agricultural landscapes.

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Botrytis, the Good, the Bad and the Ugly

Cited by 65 publications

References 35 publications

MYC2 Orchestrates a Hierarchical Transcriptional Cascade That Regulates Jasmonate-Mediated Plant Immunity in Tomato

MYC2 Orchestrates a Hierarchical Transcriptional Cascade That Regulates Jasmonate-Mediated Plant Immunity in Tomato

A Generic Model Accounting for the Interactions among Pathogens, Host Plants, Biocontrol Agents, and the Environment, with Parametrization for Botrytis cinerea on Grapevines

The polyphagous plant pathogenic fungusBotrytis cinereaencompasses host-specialized and generalist populations

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