Bottoms up: the role of gut microbiota in brain health

Radisavljevic, Nina; Cirstea, Mihai

doi:10.1111/1462-2920.14506

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 164 publications

(185 reference statements)

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“…Cohort studies by their nature involve sampling a subset of a population and inferring broader generalizability. Interestingly, many of the microbiota differences we observe in patients with Parkinson's disease, including increased Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium and decreased Faecalibacterium and Lachnospiraceae, are repeatedly observed in other cohorts across multiple continents 4,5 despite significant geographical and dietary differences. We believe this supports the notion that consistent microbiota alterations-and by extension, the novel metabolomic and gastrointestinal function results reported in our study-are widely generalizable to the broader population with Parkinson's disease, recognizing, as always, that further studies are needed.…”

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confidence: 71%

Reply to: ‘Comment on “Microbiota Composition and Metabolism Are Associated With Gut Function in Parkinson’s Disease”’

Cirstea

Golz

et al. 2020

Movement Disorders

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I would like to comment on the recently published article titled "Microbiota Composition and Metabolism Are Associated With Gut Function in Parkinson's Disease" in Movement Disorders. Cirstea et al 1 analyzed the correlation between intestinal symptoms, intestinal flora, and serum metabolomics in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) based on large samples and came up with novel findings. The researchers evaluated 300 participants in detail, including daily dietary intake and intestinal complications. However, I have some concerns. First, it was declared in the Results section that p-cresol (HMDB0001858) and phenylacetylglutamine (HMDB0006344) were both significantly positively correlated with constipation severity among patients (Fig. 3E). Nevertheless, the result of phenylacetylglutamine cannot be found in Figure 3E, and there are 2 plots of different correlations between p-cresol and constipation severity among patients with PD. Second, as shown in the Discussion section, nearly half of controls (43 of 103) were spouses of the PD patients. In other words, within the cohort composed of pairs of couples, the diet-driven heterogeneity in gut microbiota between the patient and the control might be negligible because couples share more of their gut microbiota than individuals from different households. 2 However, an individual's dietary pattern might be a confounding factor for analysis of gut microbiota for the rest of the 147 patients and the other healthy controls. Notably, several studies 2-4 assessing the relationship between gut microbiota and PD included merely couples-based populations to reduce the interfering effect of different dietary patterns. Therefore, we hope that the authors will make a further subgroup analysis to validate their findings in different patient cohorts. To sum up, the present study is interesting and inspiring research in which more detailed information should be analyzed and available to readers so as to be more helpful in a deep understanding of intestinal symptoms, intestinal flora, and serum metabolomics in PD patients.

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confidence: 71%

Reply to: ‘Comment on “Microbiota Composition and Metabolism Are Associated With Gut Function in Parkinson’s Disease”’

Cirstea

Golz

et al. 2020

Movement Disorders

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“…For instance, in PD the olfactory epithelium and the gut are early affected, two tissues with high concentration of micro-organisms [75,76]. Some studies analyzed the gut microbiota in PD patients with the aim to link progressive stages of disease with variations in gut microbiota composition and point out the differences compared to healthy controls [77]. A reduction in the abundance of Prevotellaceae/Prevotella spp.…”

Section: Mgb Axis In Neurodegenerative Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota-gut brain axis involvement in neuropsychiatric disorders

Iannone

Preda

Blottière

et al. 2019

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

129

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Microbiota-gut brain axis involvement in neuropsychiatric disorders Background The microbiota-gut brain (MGB) axis is the bidirectional communication between the intestinal microbiota and the brain. An increasing body of preclinical and clinical evidence has revealed that the complex gut microbial ecosystem can affect neuropsychiatric health. However, there is still a need of further studies to elucidate the complex gene-environment interactions and the role of the MGB axis in neuropsychiatric diseases, with the aim of identifying biomarkers and new therapeutic targets, to allow early diagnosis and improving treatments. Areas covered To review the role of MGB axis in neuropsychiatric disorders, prediction and prevention of disease through exploitation, integration and combination of data from existing gut microbiome/microbiota projects and appropriate other International "-Omics" studies. We also evaluated the new technological advances to investigate the microbiome and evidence-based treatment modulating the gut microbiota through nutritional and other interventions. Expert Opinion The clinical studies have documented an association between alterations in gut microbiota composition and/or function, whereas the preclinical studies support a role for the gut microbiota in impacting behaviours which are of relevance to psychiatry and other central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Targeting MGB axis could be an additional approach for treating CNS disorders and all conditions in which alterations of the gut microbiota are involved.

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“…Nutrition affects cognitive function through several mechanisms, such as gut microbiota modification [3]. Gut microbiota influenced many aspects of human well-being, including brain health [4]. Modifying gut microbiota through food-based therapeutic approach using probiotic supplementation appears to offer novel possibilities in risk reduction and therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tempeh Consumption and Cognitive Improvement in Mild Cognitive Impairment

Handajani

Turana

Yogiara

et al. 2020

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Introduction: Tempeh consumption has been linked to the improvement of cognitive function in older people. However, to what extent the amount of microorganism or the size of tempeh serving consumed per day influences the benefit to cognitive functions has not yet been studied. Methods: This experimental study involved a total of 90 respondents, who were divided into 3 groups: group A (consuming 100 g of Tempeh A/day), group B (consuming 100 g of Tempeh B/day), and group C (control). Intervention was given for 6 months. Cognitive assessments were done before and after the intervention. Blood uric acid level was checked at the end of intervention to examine the effect of tempeh consumption on this. The inclusion criteria were respondents aged 60 years or over with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who agreed not to consume other fermented food during the study period. Respondents with diabetes were excluded. Results: There were 84 subjects at the end of the study, majority being female (71.4%) and aged over 65 years (72.6%). An increase in global cognitive scores was found in both groups A and B. The increase in language domain scores was found only in group A. Conclusion: Both Tempeh A or Tempeh B consumption for 6 months appeared to be beneficial in improving global cognitive function of older people with MCI. Consuming Tempeh A, which had a lower number of microorganisms, was also associated with an improvement in the language domain.

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Bottoms up: the role of gut microbiota in brain health

Cited by 21 publications

References 164 publications

Reply to: ‘Comment on “Microbiota Composition and Metabolism Are Associated With Gut Function in Parkinson’s Disease”’

Reply to: ‘Comment on “Microbiota Composition and Metabolism Are Associated With Gut Function in Parkinson’s Disease”’

Microbiota-gut brain axis involvement in neuropsychiatric disorders

Tempeh Consumption and Cognitive Improvement in Mild Cognitive Impairment

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