Bovine Colostrum and Immune Function after Exercise

Davison, Glen

doi:10.1159/000341966

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As not all 428 participants commenced the study at the same time of year, it is important to recognize 429 that these findings reflect the effects of COL within the timeframe and the incidence of 430 illness in participants of the current study rather than proposing a specific seasonal 431 window where COL affects URI. There was, however, no effect of COL on severity 432 and duration of URI episodes, which supports some previous studies (Brinkworth and Such studies will help identify the bioactive components and eradicate discrepancies 527 found between studies of COL that are due to the source/quality of the supplement 528 (Davison, 2013). It is plausible, however, to suggest that in the present study the 529 proposed priming effects may have been localised to immune parameters in the 530 mucosae rather than having systemic effects.…”

Section: Salivary Bacterial Load and Diversity 385supporting

confidence: 77%

Effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on upper respiratory illness in active males

Jones

Cameron

Thatcher

et al. 2014

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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23Bovine colostrum (COL) has been advocated as a nutritional countermeasure to 24 exercise-induced immune dysfunction and increased risk of upper respiratory illness 25 (URI) in athletic populations, however, the mechanisms remain unclear. During winter 26 months, under double-blind procedures, 53 males (mean training load ± SD, 50.5 ± 27 28.9 MET-hweek -1 ) were randomized to daily supplementation of 20 g of COL (N = 28 25) or an isoenergetic/isomacronutrient placebo (PLA) (N = 28) for 12 weeks. Venous 29 blood was collected at baseline and at 12 weeks and unstimulated saliva samples at 30 4-week intervals. There was a significantly lower proportion of URI days and number 31 of URI episodes with COL compared to PLA over the 12 weeks (p < 0.05). There was 32

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Section: Salivary Bacterial Load and Diversity 385supporting

confidence: 77%

Effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on upper respiratory illness in active males

Jones

Cameron

Thatcher

et al. 2014

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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“…Daily supplementation with bovine colostrum for several weeks can maintain intestinal barrier integrity and immune function and reduce the chances of URTI in athletes undertaking heavy training (Davison, 2012). The purported mechanisms are likely to relate in part to small bioactive components that survive digestion and are biologically available after consumption.…”

Section: Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, Illness, and Injury in Aquatic Sports

Pyne¹,

Verhagen²,

Mountjoy³

2014

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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In this review, we outline key principles for prevention of injury and illness in aquatic sports, detail the epidemiology of injury and illness in aquatic athletes at major international competitions and in training, and examine the relevant scientific evidence on nutrients for reducing the risk of illness and injury. Aquatic athletes are encouraged to consume a well-planned diet with sufficient calories, macronutrients (particularly carbohydrate and protein), and micronutrients (particularly iron, zinc, and vitamins A, D, E, B6, and B12) to maintain health and performance. Ingesting carbohydrate via sports drinks, gels, or sports foods during prolonged training sessions is beneficial in maintaining energy availability. Studies of foods or supplements containing plant polyphenols and selected strains of probiotic species are promising, but further research is required. In terms of injury, intake of vitamin D, protein, and total caloric intake, in combination with treatment and resistance training, promotes recovery back to full health and training. Keywords: epidemiology, nutrition, swimming, infection, supplements, ergogenic aidsAquatic coaches are obliged to use physically challenging training programs to prepare their athletes for high-level competitions. However, a high level of exposure to training (and competition) can increase the risk of illness or injury, limiting improvements in performance. Sports science and sports medicine practitioners who work with swimmers (and swimming coaches) are seeking effective evidence-based interventions and strategies to reduce the risk of injury and illness compromising training and competitive performance. Although the importance of illness and injuries and their impact on performance is better understood nowadays by both researchers and practitioners, there remains a lack of quality information, particularly related to the importance of nutrition and dietary practices.Nutrient intake during everyday eating and around swimming training and competition is a key factor influencing immune function and risk of injury. Other factors related to illness include the volume, intensity, and load of exercise training; degree of exposure to pathogens; underlying health and medical status of individual athletes; lifestyle behaviors, including sleep and recovery; and psychosocial issues related to training and competition. Given the lack of specific research studies on highly trained swimmers, it is necessary to look more broadly at general nutrition, sports nutrition, and studies of athletes in other sports. A Medline search (November 2013) using nutrition as a search term yielded 325 hits for swimming, but only seven for water polo, six for long-distance swimming, five for diving, and two for synchronized swimming.Although the benefits of avoiding illness and injury appear obvious, only one study has directly quantified the effect of illness on international swimming performance. A study of performances of Australian swimmers showed that mild illness had only a trivial mean effect...

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“…Oral supplementation of bovine colostrum (COL) reduces the episode incidence and days of URS in adults involved in exercise training by a magnitude that is greater than the smallest clinically important difference [16]. The mechanism(s) behind such effects remain unclear, but it has been proposed that it is linked to COL reducing perturbations in cellular immunity following prolonged exercise [17]. We have previously demonstrated that COL blunts the decrease in blood neutrophil effector functions following prolonged exercise [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on in vivo immunity following prolonged exercise: a randomised controlled trial

et al. 2017

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Background Bovine colostrum (COL) has been advocated as a nutritional countermeasure to exercise-induced immune dysfunction, but there is a lack of research with clinically relevant in vivo measures. Aim To investigate the effects of COL supplementation on in vivo immunity following prolonged exercise using experimental contact hypersensitivity (CHS) with the novel antigen diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP). Methods In a double-blind design, 31 men were randomly assigned to COL (20 g/day) or placebo (PLA) for 58 days. Participants ran for 2 h at 60% maximal aerobic capacity on day 28 and received a primary DPCP exposure (sensitisation) 20 min after. On day 56, participants received a low-dose-series DPCP challenge to elicit recall of in vivo immune-specific memory (quantified by skinfold thickness 24 and 48 h later). Analysis of the dose-response curves allowed determination of the minimum dose required to elicit a positive response (i.e., sensitivity). Results There was no difference in summed skinfold thickness responses between COL and PLA at 24 h (p = 0.124) and 48 h (p = 0.405). However, sensitivity of in vivo immune responsiveness was greater with COL at 24 h (p < 0.001) and 48 h (p = 0.023) with doses ~ twofold greater required to elicit a positive response in PLA. Conclusions COL blunts the prolonged exercise-induced decrease in clinically relevant in vivo immune responsiveness to a novel antigen, which may be a mechanism for reduced illness reports observed in the previous studies. These findings also suggest that CHS sensitivity is highly relevant to host defence.

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Bovine Colostrum and Immune Function after Exercise

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on upper respiratory illness in active males

Effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on upper respiratory illness in active males

Nutrition, Illness, and Injury in Aquatic Sports

The effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on in vivo immunity following prolonged exercise: a randomised controlled trial

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