“…Further, the surface coverage value obtained for 2,4-D-OVA by SPR angle measurements is highly comparable with those reported for adsorption of albumins at liquid-air or solid-liquid interfaces by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, neutron reflection and ellipsometry measurements. Surface coverage values for adsorption of ovalbumin and bovine serum albumin were shown to vary from 1.8-5.0 mg/m 2 (180-500 ng/cm 2 ) depending on the ionic strength, pH and the nature of the interface [46][47][48][49], with high surface coverage values of 4.0-5.0 mg/m 2 (400-500 ng/cm 2 ) for adsorption on solid surfaces [48,49]. All these observations imply that the 2,4-D-OVA layer fabricated on SPR sensor chip by simple physical adsorption is a compact, closely-packed monomolecular layer of the conjugate.…”