Bovine serum sialic acid: Age-related changes in type and content

Sherblom, Anne P.; Bharathan, Seema; Hall, Pamela J.; Smagula, Rosalita M; Moody, Charles E.; Anderson, Gary

doi:10.1016/0020-711x(88)90265-0

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…We suspect that difficulties culturing M. agassizii may be influenced by presence of sialidase. The two M. agassizii strains successfully cultured in the past, PS6 T (Brown et al, 2001 ; Jacobson et al, 1991 ) and an unnamed California strain no longer available to researchers (Brown et al, 1994 ), were grown in SP‐4 medium, which is rich in sialic acids due to compounds such as fetal bovine serum (Brown et al, 2001 ; Corfield, 1992 ; Jacobson et al, 1991 ; Sherblom et al, 1988 ). These previous studies tested several types of media, and growth success was only achieved using SP‐4 (Brown et al, 2001 ; Jacobson et al, 1991 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing spatial distribution, genetic variants, and virulence of pathogen Mycoplasma agassizii in threatened Mojave desert tortoises

Bauschlicher

Weitzman

Martinez

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Mojave desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii), a threatened species under the US Endangered Species Act, are long-lived reptiles that experience a chronic respiratory disease. The virulence of primary etiologic agent, Mycoplasma agassizii, remains poorly understood, but it exhibits temporal and geographic variability in causing disease outbreaks in host tortoises. Multiple attempts to culture and characterize the diversity of M. agassizii have had minimal success, even though this opportunistic pathogen chronically persists in nearly every population of Mojave desert tortoises. The current geographic range and the molecular mechanisms of virulence of the type-strain, PS6 T , are unknown, and the bacterium is thought to have low-to-moderate virulence. We designed a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) targeting three putative virulence genes annotated on the PS6 T genome as exoα-sialidases, enzymes which facilitate growth in many bacterial pathogens. We tested 140 M. agassizii-positive DNA samples collected from 2010 to 2012 across the range of Mojave desert tortoises. We found evidence of multiple-strain infections within hosts. We also found the prevalence of these sialidase-encoding genes to be highest in tortoise populations surrounding southern Nevada, the area from which PS6 T was originally isolated. We found a general pattern of loss or reduced presence of sialidase among strains, even within a single host. However, in samples that were positive for any of the putative sialidase genes, one particular gene (528), was positively associated with bacterial loads of M. agassizii and may act as a growth factor for the bacterium. Our results suggest three evolutionary patterns: (1) high levels of variation, possibly due to neutral changes and chronic persistence, (2) a trade-off between moderate virulence and transmission, and (3) selection against virulence in environmental conditions known to be physiologically stressful to the host. Our approach of quantifying genetic variation via qPCR represents a useful model of studying host-pathogen dynamics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing spatial distribution, genetic variants, and virulence of pathogen Mycoplasma agassizii in threatened Mojave desert tortoises

Bauschlicher

Weitzman

Martinez

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Neu5Gc is present, essentially, in all animal groups possessing sialylated glycoconjugates, i.e., spanning the deuterostomate lineage from the echinoderms up to mammals. [1][2][3] The extent of glycoconjugate sialylation with Neu5Gc is very dependent on the species, 1-2 tissue, 4 stage in development, [5][6][7][8] and the presence of certain pathogenic conditions. 9 Neu5Ac was chemically synthesized by condensing N-acetyl mannosamine and oxaloacetic acid, 10 whereupon the latter decarboxylates, yielding the other obligate precursor pyruvate, but chemical synthesis of Neu5Gc has never been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PURIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF N-GLYCOLYLNEURAMINIC ACID (Neu5Gc) FROM THE HOLOTHUROIDEA GUMI,CUCUMARIA ECHINATA

Sumi¹,

Semsei²,

Asakawa³

et al. 2001

Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology

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N-Glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), precious sialic acid which could not be synthesized by a chemical method, occurrs in the body of holothuroidea, Gumi Cucumaria echinata. Gumi contains 85% of total sialic acid, as Neu5Gc, in the body. Neu5Gc was purified from dry powder of the body using Dowex 1-x8 (HCOO* form) anion exchange chromatography after mild acid hydrolysis with 0.1 N trifluoroacetic acid. Using GC-MS and 1H-NMR spectroscopy, the purified Neu5Gc was correctly identified to be Neu5Gc. The purity of Neu5Gc was more than 99%. This is the first report of purification and identification of Neu5Gc from holothuroidea by using anion exchange chromatography, GC-MS, and 1H-NMR.

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