Bovine viral diarrhoea: Pathogenesis and diagnosis

Lanyon, Sasha R.; Hill, F. W.; Reichel, Michael P.; Brownlie, Joe

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.07.024

Cited by 283 publications

(292 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…PI animals play a major role in transmission of BVDV between herds. The acquisition of a pregnant female carrying a PI calf (Trojan cow) has the potential to transfer a new strain of the virus to the recipient herd (Lanyon et al 2014). The virus can also be transmitted indirectly through infected semen, embryo transfer or through the use of contaminated veterinary instruments or equipment (Manimar-Jamie et al 2001).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ELISA tests are used to detect the presence specific antigens or antibodies in biological samples in order to diagnose a pathogen within a host (Lanyon et al 2014). There are a number or commercial ELISA kits available for the rapid and accurate detection of BVDV antigens and antibodies.…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primers are designed to complement the forward and reverse sequence of a specific conserved region on the target Typically in RT-PCR of BVDV it is the 5' Untranslated Region (5'UTR) that is targeted as this highly conserved region is common between all genotypes and sub genotypes of BVDV (Lanyon et al 2014). In preparation for a PCR reaction, nucleic acid must be extracted from the test sample in order for it to be amplified.…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regardless of technique used it is essential to retest positive animals at an interval of four weeks in order to differentiate between a PI and a TI (Sandvik 1999;Lanyon et al 2014).…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are three main pillars for the successful control and eradication of BVDV: regular herd screening to identify infected animals, the removal of PI animals and implementation of adequate biosecurity measures (Lindberg and Alenius 1999;Lanyon et al 2014;Barrett et al 2011). As previously described above, there are a number of diagnostic tools available to herd owners and veterinary surgeons to successfully identify infected animals.…”

Section: Control Of Bvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle on Irish farms

O’Brien

Garvey

Walsh

et al. 2017

Research in Veterinary Science

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The genotype and subgenotype was established for 325 field viruses and one commercial vaccine viral strain based on the analysis of at least one genomic region. BVDV-1a was the prominent subgenotype (n=317) with BVDV-1b (n=6), BVDV-1d (n=1) and BVDV-1e (n=1) also observed. A number of nucleotide sequence alignments and phylogenetic trees were constructed to represent the relationship between Irish field viruses and reference strains representative of all known BVDV genotypes and subgenotypes. Evidence of both herd specific clustering and circulation of multiple strains within herds was observed; however no evidence of county specific clustering was observed. A number of completely conserved nucleotide regions were observed and the 5'UTR was found to be more conserved than the N pro fragment analysed. The results of this study provide a detailed and comprehensive insight into the genetic diversity of BVDV in circulation within Irish cattle herds and will act as a baseline reference for future BVDV genotyping studies.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laboratory Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laboratory Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regardless of technique used it is essential to retest positive animals at an interval of four weeks in order to differentiate between a PI and a TI (Sandvik 1999;Lanyon et al 2014).…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Control Of Bvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle on Irish farms

O’Brien

Garvey

Walsh

et al. 2017

Research in Veterinary Science

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Viruses of Terrestrial Mammals

Kramer

Tavakoli

2021

Studies in Viral Ecology

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Virus Detection: From State‐of‐the‐Art Laboratories to Smartphone‐Based Point‐of‐Care Testing

et al. 2022

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Infectious virus outbreaks pose a significant challenge to public healthcare systems. Early and accurate virus diagnosis is critical to prevent the spread of the virus, especially when no specific vaccine or effective medicine is available. In clinics, the most commonly used viral detection methods are molecular techniques that involve the measurement of nucleic acids or proteins biomarkers. However, most clinic‐based methods require complex infrastructure and expensive equipment, which are not suitable for low‐resource settings. Over the past years, smartphone‐based point‐of‐care testing (POCT) has rapidly emerged as a potential alternative to laboratory‐based clinical diagnosis. This review summarizes the latest development of virus detection. First, laboratory‐based and POCT‐based viral diagnostic techniques are compared, both of which rely on immunosensing and nucleic acid detection. Then, various smartphone‐based POCT diagnostic techniques, including optical biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, and other types of biosensors are discussed. Moreover, this review covers the development of smartphone‐based POCT diagnostics for various viruses including COVID‐19, Ebola, influenza, Zika, HIV, et al. Finally, the prospects and challenges of smartphone‐based POCT diagnostics are discussed. It is believed that this review will aid researchers better understand the current challenges and prospects for achieving the ultimate goal of containing disease‐causing viruses worldwide.

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Bovine viral diarrhoea: Pathogenesis and diagnosis

Cited by 283 publications

References 137 publications

Genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle on Irish farms

Genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle on Irish farms

Viruses of Terrestrial Mammals

Virus Detection: From State‐of‐the‐Art Laboratories to Smartphone‐Based Point‐of‐Care Testing

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