Bowel Biofilms: Tipping Points between a Healthy and Compromised Gut?

Tytgat, Hanne L. P.; Nóbrega, Franklin L.; Oost, John van der; Vos, Willem M. de

doi:10.1016/j.tim.2018.08.009

Cited by 116 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

113

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The increase in the proportion of these bacterial genera may be related to the decrease in the proportion of other bacterial genera. In this group of results, the content of Akkermansia increased in high-fat and high-calorie diets [22][23], and the literature reported that in high-fat and high-calorie diets and metabolic diseases, proportion of Akkermansia may decrease. The results were different from those reported in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

High Fat High Calories Diet (HFD) Increase Gut Susceptibility to Carcinogens by Altering the Gut Microbial Community

Jin¹,

Zhang²

2020

J. Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To investigate the risk of colorectal cancer and its relationship with colonic flora and microenvironment under high-fat and high-calorie diet. Methods: Wistar rats were used to study, and they were given normal diet, high-fat diet, and dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) to induce the occurrence of colorectal cancer. Then observe the difference in tumor formation and the relationship among microbial community, inflammatory factors and metabolism. Results: No tumors were found in the normal diet group (G1) and the high-fat diet group (G3). Four nodules were found in the four rats in the normal diet + DMH group (G2) and 8 cancerous nodules were formed in 7 rats (70%) from high-fat diet + DMH group (G4). Cholesterol and TNF-α increased, IL-1, IL-6 and LEP decreased in the high-fat diet group. The difference was statistically significant. In the cancer-inducing group, only the difference in cholesterol was statistically significant. Compared with the normal diet group (G1) and the high-fat diet group (G3), the rat's gut bacterial abundance was not significantly different, but the gut flora structure was significantly changed. The content of Candida in the intestinal tract of rats in the high-fat diet group was reduced (P = 0.015), while the content of Verrucomicrobia increased (P = 0.035); In the comparison of genus content, Ruminococcus, Candida, Saccharibacteria genera incertae sedis, Enterobacter, Clostridium IV, Enterococcus, Enterorhabdus, Acetivibrio, Adlercreutzia, Lactococcus, etc., decreased significantly, while Akkermansia, Warthococcus, Staphylococcus, Butyricimonas, Clostridium XVIII, etc. increased significantly. Conclusion: This study found that high-fat, high-calorie diet can increase the susceptibility of the intestine to carcinogenic factors. The reason may be that the high-fat diet causes the body to appear inflammatory states and microbial community imbalance, especially rumenococcus, candida, Saccharomyces, Enterobacter, Clostridium IV, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Vibrioaceticus and other genus reduction are important links. Exploring ways to improve these floras is an important factor to improve the resistance of the intestinal tract to cancer-inducing agents.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

High Fat High Calories Diet (HFD) Increase Gut Susceptibility to Carcinogens by Altering the Gut Microbial Community

Jin¹,

Zhang²

2020

J. Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bacteria can form biofilm like structures in the GI tract (49). We hypothesized that a coinfection with WT Kpn and the Δ manC strain would form a mixed population (intraspecies) biofilm in the GI tract, helping compensate for the capsule deficiency of the Δ manC strain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Animal Model to StudyKlebsiella pneumoniaeGastro-Intestinal Colonization and Host-to-Host Transmission

Zafar

Young

Bray

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

42An important yet poorly understood facet in the life cycle of a successful pathogen is the host-to-43 host transmission. Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) resulting from the transmission of drug-44 resistant pathogens affect hundreds of millions of patients worldwide. Klebsiella pneumoniae 45 (Kpn), a gram-negative bacterium, is notorious for causing HAI, with many of these infections 46 difficult to treat as Kpn has become multi-drug resistant. Epidemiological studies suggest that 47 Kpn host-to-host transmission requires close contact and generally occurs through the fecal-oral 48 route. Herein, we describe a murine model that can be utilized to study mucosal (oropharynx and 49 gastrointestinal [GI]) colonization, shedding within feces, and transmission of Kpn through the 50 fecal-oral route. Using an oral route of inoculation, and fecal shedding as a marker for GI 51 colonization, we show that Kpn can asymptomatically colonize the GI tract of immunocompetent 52 mice, and modifies the host GI microbiota. Colonization density within the GI tract and levels of 53 shedding in the feces differed among the clinical isolates tested. A hypervirulent Kpn isolate was 54 able to translocate from the GI tract and cause hepatic infection that mimicked the route of 55 human infection. Expression of the capsule was required for colonization and, in turn, robust 56 shedding. Furthermore, Kpn carrier mice were able to transmit to uninfected cohabitating mice. 57 Lastly, treatment with antibiotics led to changes in the host microbiota and development of a 58 transient super-shedder phenotype, which enhanced transmission efficiency. Thus, this model 59 can be used to determine the contribution of host and bacterial factors towards Kpn 60 dissemination. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77Introduction. 79Host-to-host transmission of pathogens is the primary source of nosocomial infections, 80 which are considered a serious threat to patient's health and also a significant burden on the 81 healthcare system (1, 2). Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) account for ~100,000 deaths in the 82 United States alone (3). A leading cause of these hospital-acquired infections and multiple 83 outbreaks in hospitals around the world is Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae; Kpn), a 84 member of the Enterobacteriaceae family that frequently causes pneumonia, bacteremia, 85 pyogenic liver abscesses, and urinary tract infections (4), with most of these infections generally 86 occuring in immunocompromised patients. With the rampant use of antibiotics Kpn isolates have 87 become extensively drug-resistant, and some are now even considered pan-drug resistant, 88 making the infections they cause extremely difficult to treat (5-7). For this reason, WHO 89 lists Klebsiella pneumoniae as a critical pathogen for which new antibiotics and other therapies 90are urgently required to address this growing healthcare problem (8, 9). Further exacerbating 91 treatment of Kpn infections is the recent identification of isolates termed "hyperv...

show abstract

“…These studies strongly suggest that Akkermansia is absent from the healthy oral cavity of humans, cats, and dogs, something that could be explained by its strict anaerobic nature as described by Derrien et al [55] although the type strain can tolerate and use small amounts of oxygen [156]. However, several anaerobes have been described and isolated from the human oral microbiota, but these often include pathogens that are colonizing deep and anerobic pockets or are in specific biofilms [43,157]. However, recent data indicate that A. muciniphila can be used to prevent some pathogens like the anaerobic Poryphyromonas gingivalis to produce gingivitis and cause bone loss in mouse models [158].…”

Section: Oral Cavitymentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The unbalanced destruction of mucus has several negative consequences for the host, including a diminished defense of enterocytes, an increased presence of mucus-associated bacteria in the lumen, and more nutrients to luminal bacteria that usually do not feed on these substrates. These consequences may lead to a more unbalanced state during GI disease, and it has been proposed that this leads to biofilms that are often observed in patients suffering from IBD or colorectal cancer [11,42,43].…”

Section: Gastrointestinal (Gi) Mucusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Akkermansia and Microbial Degradation of Mucus in Cats and Dogs: Implications to the Growing Worldwide Epidemic of Pet Obesity

García-Mazcorro

Minamoto²,

Kawas

et al. 2020

Veterinary Sciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucin-degrading bacterium that has shown the potential to provide anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects in mouse and man. We here focus on companion animals, specifically cats and dogs, and evaluate the microbial degradation of mucus and its health impact in the context of the worldwide epidemic of pet obesity. A literature survey revealed that the two presently known Akkermansia spp., A. muciniphila and A. glycaniphila, as well as other members of the phylum of Verrucomicrobia seem to be neither very prevalent nor abundant in the digestive tract of cats and dog. While this may be due to methodological aspects, it suggests that bacteria related to Akkermansia are not the major mucus degraders in these pets and hence other mucus-utilizing taxa may deserve attention. Hence, we will discuss the potential of these endogenous mucus utilizers and dietary interventions to boost these as well as the use of Akkermansia spp. related bacteria or their components as strategies to target feline and canine obesity.

show abstract

Bowel Biofilms: Tipping Points between a Healthy and Compromised Gut?

Cited by 116 publications

References 61 publications

High Fat High Calories Diet (HFD) Increase Gut Susceptibility to Carcinogens by Altering the Gut Microbial Community

High Fat High Calories Diet (HFD) Increase Gut Susceptibility to Carcinogens by Altering the Gut Microbial Community

An Animal Model to StudyKlebsiella pneumoniaeGastro-Intestinal Colonization and Host-to-Host Transmission

Akkermansia and Microbial Degradation of Mucus in Cats and Dogs: Implications to the Growing Worldwide Epidemic of Pet Obesity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About