Bowel habits of exclusively breastfed 0-4 month-old babies

Abstract

Background Exclusively breastfed newborns have frequent bowelmovements and sometimes watery stool, which parents or doctorsmight think as diarrhea.Objective The aim of this study was to observe the bowel habitsof exclusively breastfed infants.Methods A longitudinal study was done on 100 babies born be-tween November and December 2002 in Cinta Kasih MaternityHospital. The inclusion criteria were fullterm baby, exclusivelybreastfed for 4 months, and informed consent from parents. Ba-bies with problems in organ or nerve that influenced the gastrointes-tinal tract were excluded. Stool frequency, consistency, and colorwere observed.Results The mean stool frequency per day were 3 times in the 1 stweek (95%CI 2.6;3.4), 2 times in the 2 nd week (95%CI 1.7;2.3),1.8 times in the 3 rd week (95%CI 1.5;2.1), and 1.5 times in the 4 thweek (95%CI 1.3;1.7). In the second and third month, it was 1.4times a day and the fourth month, 1.2 times a day. The consis-tency of meconium was soft in the first four days. After that, 18% ofbabies had watery stool, which increased to 30% on day 15-113.In the last week of the fourth month, all babies had soft stool. Meco-nium was black and lasted for 1-3 days. On the fourth day, thestool became yellow. On day 5-14, 6% of babies had green stool,which increased to 12% on day 15-120.Conclusion The first week of the first month was the week whenthe stool frequency was highest compared to the weeks or monthsafter. The consistency of meconium was soft. After it disappeared,most babies had soft stool. Eighteen up to 30% percent of babieshad watery stool. Regarding the color, meconium was black andstayed for 1-3 days. After that, most babies had yellow stool and 6-12% had green stool

Perbedaan Frekuensi Defekasi dan Konsistensi Tinja Bayi Sehat Usia 0–4 Bulan yang Mendapat Asi Eksklusif, Non Eksklusif, dan Susu Formula

“…Sebaliknya pada penelitian yang dilakukan Bekali, tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna pada konsistensi tinja pada bayi yang mendapatkan ASI dan susu formula (p=0,07). 12 Penelitian sebelumnya juga menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan tinja bayi yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan bayi yang mendapat susu formula. 11 Bayi normal lebih mudah mencerna dan menyerap lemak yang berasal dari ASI dibandingkan lemak susu sapi atau susu formula, disebabkan ASI mengandung lipase, juga mengandung amilase dan protease.…”

“…Dilaporkan baru satu penelitian yang telah dilakukan pada tahun 2003 tentang frekuensi defekasi, konsistensi dan warna tinja pada bayi umur 0-4 bulan yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif. 12 Para dokter terutama dokter spesialis anak, seharusnya memahami pola defekasi normal pada bayi dan anak. Hal ini bermanfaat untuk memberi edukasi, Saat bayi baru lahir dan masih berada di rumah sakit, ditanyakan kepada ibu atau walinya data anak yaitu nama, alamat dan nomor telepon orang tua, umur, jenis kelamin, riwayat kelahiran, obat-obatan yang dikonsumsi ibu selama hamil dan pemberian ASI/susu formula frekuensi defekasi, konsistensi tinja, dan warna tinja.…”

Spectrum of neonatal surgical emergency- a study in rural area tertiary care center of western U.P

“…Studies shows that stool frequency during first week of life is more than three to four per day and it gradually decrease to two stools per day at four month and this frequency further decrease to one stool per day for four years of age with gradual increase in stool size and weight [3,4]. Newborn baby in initial few day of postnatal life does not Manuscript received: 30 th May 2017 Reviewed: 10 th June 2017 Author Corrected: 20 th June 2017 Accepted for Publication: 28 th June 2017 appear sick until secondary change due to repeated vomiting or vascular changes developed in involved dilated bowel loop.…”