Box Shape Influences the Size-Weight Illusion During Individual and Team Lifting

Amazeen, Eric L.

doi:10.1177/0018720813497980

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Finally, the weight plate arrangement used to investigate the SWI in the present study (i.e., SWI-225, Figure 1) is only one possible combination. Work by Amazeen (2014) indicates that changing the width of an object may have more of an influence on the magnitude of the SWI a lifter experiences than does changing the height. Examining variations in weight plate arrangements that incorporate different heights and widths would be of interest.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The National Football League-225 Bench Press Test and the Size–Weight Illusion

Buckingham

Butler

2017

Percept Mot Skills

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Abstract:The purpose of this study was to test reports that size and arrangement manipulations of weight plates [i.e., inducing a size-weight illusion (SWI)] would have an effect on athletic weightlifting performance. Seventy-two experienced, weight-trained collegiate American football players participated. Across three weeks, each athlete performed three different repetitions-to-fatigue bench press tests (NFL-225, . A multiple regression revealed a positive association between participants' strength relative to the test load and repetitions for NFL-225 and SWI-215, but no association with SWI-225. To explore these results, players were ranked into quartiles based on their 1RM relative to 102.27 kg (225 lb) and a 3 x 4 repeated measures ANOVA was conducted. The primary finding was a significant test condition x quartile interaction (p = .004). Bonferroni-corrected pairwise comparisons revealed that Quartile 4 (those with lowest strength relative to test load) completed more repetitions for SWI-225 compared to NFL-225 (p = 0.049). These results suggest that alternate weight plate arrangements may be beneficial for those whom the bench press load is near the lifter's 1RM. However, variations of the SWI do not appear to affect the performance of repetitions-to-fatigue bench press tests for the majority of collegiate American football players. AbstractThe purpose of this study was to test reports that size and arrangement manipulations of weight plates [i.e., inducing a size-weight illusion (SWI)] would have an effect on athletic weightlifting performance. Seventy-two experienced, weight-trained collegiate American football players participated. Across three weeks, each athlete performed three different repetitions-to-fatigue bench press tests (NFL-225, SWI-225, and SWI-215). A multiple regression revealed a positive association between participants' strength relative to the test load and repetitions for NFL-225 and SWI-215, but no association with SWI-225. To explore these results, players were ranked into quartiles based on their 1RM relative to 102.27 kg (225 lb) and a 3 x 4 repeated measures ANOVA was conducted. The primary finding was a significant test condition x quartile interaction (p = .004). Bonferroni-corrected pairwise comparisons revealed that Quartile 4 (those with lowest strength relative to test load) completed more repetitions for SWI-225 compared to NFL-225 (p = 0.049). These results suggest that alternate weight plate arrangements may be beneficial for those whose bench press load is near the lifter's 1RM. However, variations of the SWI do not appear to affect the performance of repetitions-to-fatigue bench press tests for the majority of collegiate American football players.

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Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The National Football League-225 Bench Press Test and the Size–Weight Illusion

Buckingham

Butler

2017

Percept Mot Skills

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“…Upon arrival at lab, participants were instructed with the proper manual material handling techniques, including: maintain a good grip and keep the boxes close to body (Amazeen, 2014). Next, participants were given practice trials to walk and carry a box until they became confident about the experimental task.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While objective measures, such as trunk load and muscle electromyography (EMG), have been analyzed to evaluate the risks of MMH, some studies utilized subjective methods such as rated perceived exertions and perceived weight of load to evaluate workload and fatigue (Ahmad & Kim, 2018). However, humans' perception of weight is not always accurate, which can influence people's decisions on lifting heavy objects and lead to potential risks (Amazeen, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While many studies have been conducted to investigate weight illusions and JND for hand haptic perceptions, most of them restrained the participants to a fixed position, either by instructing the participants to lift weighted boxes in situ (Amazeen, 2014) or tied the forearm of participants to a dynamometer (Allin et al, 2002). To the best of our knowledge through literature review, there has been little literature in studying weight perceptions during dynamic daily movements, which may have greater practical meaning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining human perception of weight during loaded standing and walking

Chen

Fitts

2021

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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While the psychophysics of weight perception may help assess the effort needed in manual material handling tasks, the perception of weight is subjective and not necessarily accurate. The purpose of this study was to examine weight perception during standing and walking. Participants (n=10) performed a series of weight comparison trials against a reference load while holding loads (standing) or carrying loads (walking). Polynomial logistic regression models were built to examine the effects of walking, box weight ratio, and reference weight level on the probability of detecting a weight difference. The results showed that weight ratio and reference weight level had statistically significant effects on the detection probability while walking did not have a significant effect. Findings from this study can help inform the design of subjective evaluation of job demands involving motion, and it can be further extended to the gradual increase in load of strengthening tasks in therapeutic exercises.

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“…This is a cross-modal phenomenon in which a smaller object is perceived as being heavier than a bigger object of the same mass. This perception is affected by visual information: Amazeen (2014) suggested that an object’s width and height influence its perceived weight. The color of an object also affects its perceived weight (e.g., Walker, Francis, & Walker, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Weight Is Affected by Auditory Pitch Not Loudness

Takashima

2018

Perception

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This study examined whether auditory pitch and loudness affect the perception of object’s weight. Two series experiments showed that the object with High-Pitch sound was perceived as being lighter than the object with Low-Pitch sound and that the perceived weight was not affected by loudness. Because auditory pitch has a relationship to the weight of an object while loudness has a relationship to the distance of a placed object, the perceived weight was affected by auditory pitch not loudness. Given these results, perhaps sound effects may make it easier to carry heavy luggage?

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Box Shape Influences the Size-Weight Illusion During Individual and Team Lifting

Abstract: To avoid misperceiving weight and risking injury, lifters should be careful when approaching larger (especially wider) boxes.

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

The National Football League-225 Bench Press Test and the Size–Weight Illusion

The National Football League-225 Bench Press Test and the Size–Weight Illusion

Examining human perception of weight during loaded standing and walking

Perceived Weight Is Affected by Auditory Pitch Not Loudness

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