Brain and Cognition for Addiction Medicine: From Prevention to Recovery Neural Substrates for Treatment of Psychostimulant-Induced Cognitive Deficits

D’Souza, Manoranjan S.

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00509

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 385 publications

(368 reference statements)

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“…Although the mechanism of exercise detoxification is not clear, it does bring benefits to individuals with SUD. Studies have shown that exercise can improve executive function and brain activity [ 12 ], which may be an important reason to curb addiction in individuals with SUD. To further enhance the training effect, the most suitable exercise mode should be explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of physical effect between two training methods for individuals with substance use disorder

Yang

Chen

Pang

et al. 2021

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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Background HIIT has recently been widely used for health promotion in healthy people and patients with chronic diseases. Exercise can help SUD reduce drug cravings, enhance mental health and return to normal life. However, whether HIIT can bring better physical rehabilitation benefits to individuals with SUD than MICT is unclear. The study aimed to compare the effects of HIIT versus MICT on the physical fitness of individuals with SUD. Methods One hundred twenty individuals with amphetamine-type stimulant dependence voluntarily participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to the HIIT group and MICT group. Both groups received training three times a week. The intervention lasted from January 2019 to December 2019. Physical fitness was assessed at the baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months, including blood pressure (BP), vital capacity(VC), hand grip, push-up, sit-and-reach, one-leg standing with eyes closed and choice reaction time. The craving level was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale at baseline, 6 months and 12 months to see any change along with the improvement in physical fitness. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was applied to analyse the differences in change by group (HIIT and MICT) and time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months). Results The within-group factor displayed significant changes in the HIIT and MICT groups in terms of systolic BP (F (4,336) = 12.799, P < 0.001,η2 = 0.204), diastolic BP (F(4,336) = 9.495, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.16), VC (F(4,336) = 18.121, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.177), hand grip (F(4,336) = 34.815, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.293), sit-and-reach (F(4,336) = 13.871, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.142), push-up (F(4,336) = 28.805, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.255), one-leg standing with eyes closed (F(4,336) = 14.495, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.156) and choice reaction time (F(4,336) = 20.603, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.197). The craving level decreased after 12 months of intervention in both groups (F(2,168) = 11.25, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.118), but no significant differences in physical fitness and craving level were found in between groups and the interactions of group × time. Conclusions After 12 months of intervention, physical fitness improved while craving level decreased in the two groups. These findings suggest that both HIIT and MICT have positive effects on individuals with SUD in terms of physical fitness. Trial registration ChiCTR1900022158 Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: Registered 27th March, 2019.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of physical effect between two training methods for individuals with substance use disorder

Yang

Chen

Pang

et al. 2021

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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“…Numerous studies have demonstrated that SUD or drug addiction is a chronic and relapsing brain disease in which addicted patients continually exhibit drug-seeking behavior despite its adverse consequences for their psychology and physiology [2][3][4]. Neuropsychological studies have veri ed that the cognitive function of individuals exposed to certain substances (e.g., drugs, alcohol, cigarettes) for extended periods of time show signi cant defects that can be associated with abnormal brain function and metabolism caused by substance addiction [5,6]. The cognitive impairment of drug addicts is mainly manifested by their higher level of impulsive behavior and decision-making compared with the normal population [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical exercise has been strongly recommended as a rehabilitation program for SUD [6,13] and has been proven to be a positively effective means of drug rehabilitation [14]. Numerous studies have assessed the effects of short exercise sessions and long-term exercise protocols as an adjunct therapy in SUD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tai Chi versus High-intensity Interval Training on Inhibitory Control in Individuals with Substance Use Disorder

Pang¹,

Zhu²,

Yang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Cognitive function of individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) is defective, and higher cognitive inhibitory control ability is considered to be related to lower drug craving. As a conjunction treatment for individuals with SUD, exercise has received supports and attention in many countries recently. Exercise has been reported to be beneficial for cognitive rehabilitation. However, different exercises have different effects on cognitive function. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a single session of Tai chi (TC) exercise and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on inhibitory control in individuals with SUD. Methods A total 47 individuals with methamphetamine dependence were recruited from a compulsory drug rehabilitation center; participation in this study was voluntary. The participants were randomly assigned to the TC group or the HIIT group, and computer-based Go/No-go and Stroop tasks were used to assess inhibitory control in an indoor setting prior to and following exercise. Independent sample t-test was applied for baseline comparison of continuous variables, while repeated-measures analysis of variance was applied to test differences in the effect of each intervention before and after a single session of exercise. Results In Go/No-go test, the reaction time of the TC and HIIT groups in the post-test was shorter than that at the baseline, and the response accuracy of the post-test were higher than that of the baseline. In the Stroop task, the reaction time of two groups in the post-test was shorter than that at the baseline; while, greater improvement in response accuracy was observed in HIIT group in the post-test than that of the baseline. Conclusion Both TC and HIIT can promote inhibitory control in individuals with SUD. Compared with the TC group, the HIIT group showed greater improvements in response accuracy. These findings demonstrate the potential of TC and HIIT in improving cognition in SUD. Trial registration : ChiCTR1900022158 Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: Registered 27th March, 2019.

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“…Pharmacotherapy for AUD (FDA approved) includes disulfuram, naltrexone, nalmefene, and acamprosate and a few non-FDA-approved treatments such as topiramate, baclofen, or gabapentin [2,3]. Despite extensive research, there are currently no effective pharmacological based treatments for other addictive substances, including psychoactive stimulants (cocaine, methamphetamines), marijuana or synthetic cannabinoids, hallucinogens, phencyclidine (PCP), or drugs such as methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intranasal Insulin: a Treatment Strategy for Addiction

2020

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Addiction to substances such as alcohol, cocaine, opioids, and methamphetamine poses a continuing clinical and public challenge globally. Despite progress in understanding substance use disorders, challenges remain in their treatment. Some of these challenges include limited ability of therapeutics to reach the brain (blood-brain barrier), adverse systemic side effects of current medications, and importantly key aspects of addiction not addressed by currently available treatments (such as cognitive impairment). Inability to sustain abstinence or seek treatment due to cognitive deficits such as poor decision-making and impulsivity is known to cause poor treatment outcomes. In this review, we provide an evidenced-based rationale for intranasal drug delivery as a viable and safe treatment modality to bypass the blood-brain barrier and target insulin to the brain to improve the treatment of addiction. Intranasal insulin with improvement of brain cell energy and glucose metabolism, stress hormone reduction, and improved monoamine transmission may be an ideal approach for treating multiple domains of addiction including memory and impulsivity. This may provide additional benefits to enhance current treatment approaches.

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Brain and Cognition for Addiction Medicine: From Prevention to Recovery Neural Substrates for Treatment of Psychostimulant-Induced Cognitive Deficits

Cited by 25 publications

References 385 publications

Comparison of physical effect between two training methods for individuals with substance use disorder

Comparison of physical effect between two training methods for individuals with substance use disorder

Tai Chi versus High-intensity Interval Training on Inhibitory Control in Individuals with Substance Use Disorder

Intranasal Insulin: a Treatment Strategy for Addiction

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