Brain-computer communication: Self-regulation of slow cortical potentials for verbal communication

Kübler, Andrea; Neumann, Nicola; Kaiser, Jochen; Kotchoubey, Boris; Hinterberger, Thilo; Birbaumer, Niels

doi:10.1053/apmr.2001.26621

Cited by 316 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Useable BCI control may be defined as a sufficient level of control to allow users to complete a reasonable number of desired tasks. For binary control this is defined as 70 % accuracy, based upon the results of two patients described in (Kübler et al, 2001). During attempted online control of the two-class SMR BCI 5 out of the 6 users who achieved significant control are seen to produce either brief or sustained control above the 70 % threshold.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the control of brain-computer interfaces by users with cerebral palsy

Daly

Billinger

Laparra-Hernández³

et al. 2013

Clinical Neurophysiology

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Highlights1. We conduct a feasibility study with 14 individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) to evaluate their control of two online Brain-computer interfaces. 2. Eight of the individuals with CP were able to control at least one of the BCIs at a statistically significant level of accuracy. 3. Analysis of the results reveals that BCIs may be controlled by some individuals with CP. Abstract ObjectiveBrain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have been proposed as a potential assistive device for individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) to assist with their communication needs. However, it is unclear how well-suited BCIs are to individuals with CP. Therefore, this study aims to investigate to what extent these users are able to gain control of BCIs. MethodsThis study is conducted with 14 individuals with CP attempting to control two standard online BCIs (1) based upon sensorimotor rhythm modulations, and (2) based upon steady state visual evoked potentials.Email address: reinhold.scherer@tugraz.at (Reinhold Scherer*) Preprint submitted to Clinical NeurophysiologyMarch 27, 2013 ResultsOf the 14 users, 8 are able to use one or other of the BCIs, online, with a statistically significant level of accuracy, without prior training. Classification results are driven by neurophysiological activity and not seen to correlate with occurrences of artifacts. However, many of these users' accuracies, while statistically significant, would require either more training or more advanced methods before practical BCI control would be possible. ConclusionsThe results indicate that BCIs may be controlled by individuals with CP but that many issues need to be overcome before practical application use may be achieved. SignificanceThis is the first study to assess the ability of a large group of different individuals with CP to gain control of an online BCI system. The results indicate that six users could control a sensorimotor rhythm BCI and three a steady state visual evoked potential BCI at statistically significant levels of accuracy (SMR accuracies; mean ± STD, 0.821 ± 0.116, SSVEP accuracies; 0.422 ± 0.069).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the control of brain-computer interfaces by users with cerebral palsy

Daly

Billinger

Laparra-Hernández³

et al. 2013

Clinical Neurophysiology

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“…In Phase I, each participant completed 2 calibration sessions followed by 10 copy-spelling sessions over 6 -14 weeks. In copy-spelling sessions, the computer prompts the user with text to copy character by character (Kübler et al, 2001). We sought to demonstrate three important principles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a free-spelling session, participants choose characters at will (Kübler et al, 2001). Therefore, Phase II provided and initial test of BCI usefulness: can a BCI be used for independent communication by individuals who are severely disabled?…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 10-20 characters of copy spelling (to ensure proper system performance and provide additional calibration data) participants were allowed to select characters of their own choice, referred to here as free-spelling (Kübler et al, 2001). In the free-spelling matrix, 'Bksp', 'Sp', and 'End' functions replaced the numerals 1, 5, and the underscore, respectively.…”

Section: Task and Procedure: Phase IImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) circumvent motor output and convey messages directly from the brain to a computer (Kübler et al, 2001;Wolpaw et al, 2002). Thus, BCIs may be able to provide a new communication channel to individuals with severe neurological or muscular diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A P300-based brain–computer interface for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Nijboer

Sellers

Mellinger

et al. 2008

Clinical Neurophysiology

553

421

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Objective-The current study evaluates the efficacy of a P300-based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) communication device for individuals with advanced ALS.Methods-Participants attended to one cell of a N×N matrix while the N rows and N columns flashed randomly. Each cell of the matrix contained one character. Every flash of an attended character served as a rare event in an oddball sequence and elicited a P300 response. Classification coefficients derived using a stepwise linear discriminant function were applied to the data after each set of flashes. The character receiving the highest discriminant score was presented as feedback.Results-In Phase I, six participants used a 6×6 matrix on 12 separate days with a mean rate of 1.2 selections/min and mean online and offline accuracies of 62% and 82% respectively. In Phase II, four participants used either a 6×6 or a 7×7 matrix to produce novel and spontaneous statements with a mean online rate of 2.1 selections/min and online accuracy of 79%. The amplitude and latency of the P300 remained stable over 40 weeks.Conclusions-Participants could communicate with the P300-based BCI and performance was stable over many months.Significance-BCIs could provide an alternative communication and control technology in the in daily lives of people severely disabled by ALS.

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Brain–Computer Interfacing

Sanei

Chambers²

2007

EEG Signal Processing

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Brain-computer communication: Self-regulation of slow cortical potentials for verbal communication

Cited by 316 publications

References 17 publications

On the control of brain-computer interfaces by users with cerebral palsy

On the control of brain-computer interfaces by users with cerebral palsy

A P300-based brain–computer interface for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Brain–Computer Interfacing

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