Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor‐, neurotrophin‐3‐, and tyrosine kinase receptor‐like immunoreactivity in lingual taste bud fields of mature hamster

Ganchrow, Donald; Ganchrow, Judith R.; Verdin-Alcazar, Mary; Whitehead, Mark C.

doi:10.1002/cne.2162

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…With the use of this marker and additional histological criteria based on serial sections of embryos and larvae from stages 28 -53, four morphological stages could be recognized in the development of taste buds in the channel catfish: stage 1, small clusters of three to five cells, including a single calretininpositive cell (Figs. 4, 5F, 6, 8A,C); stage 2, primordia whose cells had begun to elongate from the basal lamina and that included two or three calretinin-positive cells ( Unfortunately, antibodies to a number of other early markers (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Sonic hedgehog, and keratin 8) of sensory cells and taste bud primordia reported for other species (Knapp et al, 1995;Nosrat et al, 1997;Jung et al, 1999;Ganchrow et al, 2003;Hall …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Taste bud development in the channel catfish

Northcutt

2004

J of Comparative Neurology

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Taste bud formation in channel catfish is first seen to occur in stage 39 embryos, when taste bud primordia (stage 1), consisting of three to five cells, including a single calretinin-positive cell, can be recognized within the oropharyngeal cavity and maxillary barbels. Within a short time (stage 40), stage 2 taste bud primordia are apparent and include two or three calretinin-positive cells. The number of calretinin-positive cells continues to increase (stage 3), and the primordia begin to erupt as mature taste buds (stage 4) by embryonic stage 48. This same pattern of taste bud development characterizes other regions of the head, with calretinin-positive cells first detected around the mouth and on the other barbels by stage 41 and on the rest of the head by stage 48. The development of trunk taste buds lags far behind that of the head, with the first calretinin-positive cells occurring on the lobes of the caudal fin by stage 48 and on the remaining fins by stage 50. Taste bud primordia on the trunk proper do not begin to appear until stage 53, when the larvae begin to feed, and these receptors begin to erupt only in 1-week-old larvae. Fibers of the facial nerve, which innervate all external taste buds, ramify within the ectoderm prior to the first appearance of taste bud primordia or their precursors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Taste bud development in the channel catfish

Northcutt

2004

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…NGF and NT-3 (neurotrophin-3), also members of the NGF family, were likewise found in taste bud cells (Chou et al, 2001;Ganchrow et al, 2003). In addition, the bdnf null mutant mice contain immature circumvallate papillae that lack innervation and taste buds (Oakley, 1998;Mistretta et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Expression of GDNF and GFRα1 in mouse taste bud cells

Takeda¹,

Obara²,

Uchida³

et al. 2004

J of Comparative Neurology

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GDNF (glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor) affects the survival and maintenance of central and peripheral neurons. Using an immunocytochemical method, we examined whether the taste bud cells in the circumvallate papillae of normal mice expressed GDNF and its GFR alpha 1 receptor. Using double immunostaining for either of them and NCAM, PGP 9.5, or alpha-gustducin, we additionally sought to determine what type of taste bud cells expressed GDNF or GFR alpha 1, because NCAM is reported to be expressed in type-III cells, PGP 9.5, in type-III and some type-II cells, and alpha-gustducin, in some type-II cells. Normal taste bud cells expressed both GDNF and GFR alpha 1. The percentage of GDNF-immunoreactive cells among all taste bud cells was 31.63%, and that of GFR alpha 1-immunoreactive cells, 83.21%. Confocal laser scanning microscopic observations after double immunostaining showed that almost none of the GDNF-immunoreactive cells in the taste buds were reactive with anti-NCAM or anti-PGP 9.5 antibody, but could be stained with anti-alpha-gustducin antibody. On the other hand, almost all anti-PGP 9.5- or anti-alpha-gustducin-immunoreactive cells were positive for GFR alpha 1. Thus, GDNF-immunoreactive cells did not include type-III cells, but type-II cells, which are alpha-gustducin-immunoreactive; on the other hand, GFR alpha 1-immunoreactive cells included type-II and -III cells, and perhaps type-I cells. We conclude that GDNF in the type-II cells may exert trophic actions on type-I, -II, and -III taste bud cells by binding to their GFR alpha 1 receptors.

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“…However, which factor or factors is key to promoting taste cell regeneration or taste cell differentiation in our cultured system merits further investigation. Prominent candidate growth factors may include brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-4, and R-spondins, among many others (30)(31)(32)(33)(34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Lgr5- or Lgr6-expressing taste stem/progenitor cells generate taste bud cells ex vivo

Ren

Lewandowski

Watson

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

182

189

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Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) and its homologs (e.g., Lgr6) mark adult stem cells in multiple tissues. Recently, we and others have shown that Lgr5 marks adult taste stem/progenitor cells in posterior tongue. However, the regenerative potential of Lgr5-expressing (Lgr5 + ) cells and the identity of adult taste stem/progenitor cells that regenerate taste tissue in anterior tongue remain elusive. In the present work, we describe a culture system in which single isolated Lgr5 + or Lgr6 + cells from taste tissue can generate continuously expanding 3D structures ("organoids"). Many cells within these taste organoids were cycling and positive for proliferative cell markers, cytokeratin K5 and Sox2, and incorporated 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine. Importantly, mature taste receptor cells that express gustducin, carbonic anhydrase 4, taste receptor type 1 member 3, nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-2, or cytokeratin K8 were present in the taste organoids. Using calcium imaging assays, we found that cells grown out from taste organoids derived from isolated Lgr5 + cells were functional and responded to tastants in a dose-dependent manner. Genetic lineage tracing showed that Lgr6 + cells gave rise to taste bud cells in taste papillae in both anterior and posterior tongue. RT-PCR data demonstrated that Lgr5 and Lgr6 may mark the same subset of taste stem/progenitor cells both anteriorly and posteriorly. Together, our data demonstrate that functional taste cells can be generated ex vivo from single Lgr5 + or Lgr6 + cells, validating the use of this model for the study of taste cell generation. Lgr5 (leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5), encoded by a Wnt (wingless-type MMTV integration site family) target gene, marks adult stem/progenitor cells in taste tissue in posterior tongue that in vivo give rise to all major types of taste bud cells, as well as perigemmal cells (6, 7). Lgr5 is also known to mark actively cycling stem cells in small intestine, colon, stomach, and hair follicle, as well as quiescent stem cells in liver, pancreas, and cochlea (8). Isolated Lgr5 + adult stem cells from multiple tissues are able to generate so-called organoid structures ex vivo (9-11). For instance, Sato and colleagues (10) developed a 3D culture system to grow crypt-villus organoids from single intestinal stem cells; all differentiated cell types were found in these structures, indicating the multipotent nature of these cells. We hypothesized that Lgr5 + taste stem/progenitor cells in a 3D culture system would be capable of expanding and giving rise to taste receptor cells ex vivo. In the present study, we isolated Lgr5 + stem/progenitor cells from taste tissue and cultured them in a 3D culture system. Single Lgr5 + cells grew into organoid structures ex vivo in defined culture conditions, with the presence of both proliferating cells and differentiated mature taste cells in which taste signaling components are functionally expressed. When organoids were replated onto a 2D sur...

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Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor‐, neurotrophin‐3‐, and tyrosine kinase receptor‐like immunoreactivity in lingual taste bud fields of mature hamster

Cited by 28 publications

References 57 publications

Taste bud development in the channel catfish

Taste bud development in the channel catfish

Expression of GDNF and GFRα1 in mouse taste bud cells

Single Lgr5- or Lgr6-expressing taste stem/progenitor cells generate taste bud cells ex vivo

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