The review discusses the possibilities of predicting preeclampsia and its complications, modern criteria for the diagnosis of gestational hypertensive disorders and tactics of their intensive therapy. Particular attention was devoted on the anesthetic management for cesarean section in a woman with preeclampsia and its complications. The information proposed in the review makes it possible to define a unified terminology and form unified evidence-based interdisciplinary approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of preeclampsia, which will improve maternal and fetal outcome.