Branched-chain amino acids do not improve muscle recovery from resistance exercise in untrained young adults

Estoche, José Maria; Jacinto, Jeferson Lucas; Roveratti, Mirela Casonato; Gabardo, Juliano M.; Buzzachera, Cosme Franklim; Oliveira, Erick P. de; Ribeiro, Alex S.; Silva, Rubens Alexandre da; Aguiar, Andreo Fernando

doi:10.1007/s00726-019-02776-5

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Additionally, arginine administration resulted in increased protein synthesis [36]. Meanwhile, BCAA supplementation did not improve muscle recovery from intense resistance exercise in young adults [41]. Thus, BCAAs and arginine appear to be able to prevent and/or improve age-related muscle atrophy, i.e., sarcopenia.…”

Section: Amino Acids In the Regulation Of Muscle Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Function by Amino Acids

et al. 2020

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Amino acids are components of proteins that also exist free-form in the body; their functions can be divided into (1) nutritional, (2) sensory, and (3) biological regulatory roles. The skeletal muscle, which is the largest organ in the human body, representing ~40% of the total body weight, plays important roles in exercise, energy expenditure, and glucose/amino acid usage—processes that are modulated by various amino acids and their metabolites. In this review, we address the metabolism and function of amino acids in the skeletal muscle. The expression of PGC1α, a transcriptional coactivator, is increased in the skeletal muscle during exercise. PGC1α activates branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism and is used for energy in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Leucine, a BCAA, and its metabolite, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), both activate mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and increase protein synthesis, but the mechanisms of activation appear to be different. The metabolite of valine (another BCAA), β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), is increased by exercise, is secreted by the skeletal muscle, and acts on other tissues, such as white adipose tissue, to increase energy expenditure. In addition, several amino acid-related molecules reportedly activate skeletal muscle function. Oral 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) supplementation can protect against mild hyperglycemia and help prevent type 2 diabetes. β-alanine levels are decreased in the skeletal muscles of aged mice. β-alanine supplementation increased the physical performance and improved the executive function induced by endurance exercise in middle-aged individuals. Further studies focusing on the effects of amino acids and their metabolites on skeletal muscle function will provide data essential for the production of food supplements for older adults, athletes, and individuals with metabolic diseases.

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Section: Amino Acids In the Regulation Of Muscle Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Function by Amino Acids

et al. 2020

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“…This apparent disconnect between mTOR signaling and protein synthesis seems to be explained by a temporal discrepancy between both processes [150]. Still, BCAA supplementation did not improve muscle soreness and function during recovery of untrained young adult (average age of 24 years old) from resistance exercise [151]. Overall, more than BCAA supplements, the ingestion of high-quality protein boosts protein synthesis following exercise training, improving muscle health.…”

Section: Amino Acids Pool and Protein Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Turnover in Skeletal Muscle: Looking at Molecular Regulation towards an Active Lifestyle

Ferreira

Duarte

2023

Int J Sports Med

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Skeletal muscle is a highly plastic tissue, able to change its mass and functional properties in response to several stimuli. Skeletal muscle mass is influenced by the balance between protein synthesis and breakdown, which is regulated by several signaling pathways. The relative contribution of Akt/mTOR signaling, ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, autophagy among other signaling pathways to protein turnover and, therefore, to skeletal muscle mass differs depending on the wasting or loading condition and muscle type. By modulating mitochondria biogenesis, PGC-1α has a major role in cell’s bioenergetic status and, thus, on protein turnover. In fact, rates of protein turnover regulate differently the levels of distinct protein classes in response to atrophic or hypertrophic stimuli. Mitochondrial protein turnover rates may be enhanced in wasting conditions whereas the increased turnover of myofibrillar proteins triggers muscle mass gain. The present review aims to update the knowledge on the molecular pathways implicated in the regulation of protein turnover in skeletal muscle, focusing on how distinct muscle proteins may be modulated by lifestyle interventions with emphasis on exercise training. The comprehensive analysis of the anabolic effects of exercise programs will pave the way to the tailored management of muscle wasting conditions.

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“…These amino acids are involved in muscle protein resynthesis [21]. Data suggest that leucine plays a major role in regulating the intracellular signaling pathways for protein synthesis [20].…”

Section: Branch Chain Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These authors have reported data supporting that BCAA are the only amino acids metabolized directly in the muscles, inferring that protein resynthesis is highly plausible. Still, the use of BCAA in alleviating muscle soreness and repair among athletes remains warranting [21]. However, the consumption and function of BCAA should be accompanied by other essential amino acids (EAA) to support these processes of muscle resynthesis [20].…”

Section: Branch Chain Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Ergogenic Substances amongst Bodybuilding Athletes Around Polokwane Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Masoga,

Wisdom Mboweni,

Matlala Ramokolo

2023

AJNE

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Background: Although there is a lack of scientific evidence supporting the use of some ergogenic substances, it remains a common practice among bodybuilding athletes. Nevertheless, the use of ergogenics among bodybuilding athletes around Polokwane Municipality (PM) in Limpopo Province remains unknown. Aim: To determine the use of ergogenic substances amongst bodybuilding athletes around Polokwane municipality in Limpopo Province. Methods: A descriptive study with a purposive sampling technique was used to obtain 51 amateur bodybuilding athletes in gyms around PM. Ethical approval and permission were obtained from the MEDUNSA Research and Ethics Committee (MREC) and coaches respectively. Sampled athletes signed written informed consent forms. Data collection was done using self-designed questionnaires covering the demography, training information, and the use of ergogenic agents. Data were loaded onto the SPSS (v.23) and analyzed. Descriptive tests were used to describe ergogenic use through ranges, percentages, means, and standard deviations (±SD). Results: The majority (94.1%) were males, of which 66.7% participated as bodybuilders for ≤2 years. Almost all athletes (86.3%) trained three to four days a week for 1–3 hr (94.1%) on weekdays. Only 37.3% relied on coaches for nutrition information followed by those who used social media (29.4%), teammates (29.3%), and nutrition experts (4.0%). A few athletes (15.7%) used ergogenics, of them, 13.7% used creatine and 2.0% vitamin capsules. Conclusion: Overall, Polokwane bodybuilders were not using ergogenic agents during their bodybuilding sports careers. Keywords: bodybuilding, ergogenic agents, supplements and athletes

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Branched-chain amino acids do not improve muscle recovery from resistance exercise in untrained young adults

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Function by Amino Acids

Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Function by Amino Acids

Protein Turnover in Skeletal Muscle: Looking at Molecular Regulation towards an Active Lifestyle

Use of Ergogenic Substances amongst Bodybuilding Athletes Around Polokwane Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa

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