Brassinosteroid and gibberellin control of plant height in maize (Zea mays. L)

Hu, Songlin

doi:10.31274/etd-180810-5563

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The nine lines were BGEM-0005-N, BGEM-0085-N, BGEM-0107-N, BGEM-0129-N, BGEM-0132-N, BGEM-0215-N, BGEM-0227-N, BGEM-0232-N, and BGEM-0248-N. The misclassification within sub-populations is in accordance with the findings of Hu (2016) and is most likely due to the exotic germplasm contribution of the BGEM lines.…”

Section: Population Structuresupporting

confidence: 78%

Association Mapping of Flowering and Height Traits in Germplasm Enhancement of Maize Doubled Haploid (GEM‐DH) Lines

Vanous¹,

Gardner

Blanco

et al. 2018

The Plant Genome

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Flowering and height related traits are extensively studied in maize for three main reasons: 1) easily obtained phenotypic measurements, 2) highly heritable, and 3) importance of these traits to adaptation and grain yield. However, variation in flowering and height traits is extensive and findings from previous studies are genotype specific. Herein, a diverse panel of exotic derived doubled haploid lines, in conjunction with genome-wide association analysis, is used to further explore adaptation related trait variation of exotic germplasm for potential use in adapting exotic germplasm to the U.S. CornBelt. Phenotypes for the association panel were obtained from six locations across the central-U.S. and genotyping was performed using the genotyping-by-sequencing method. Nineteen flowering time candidate genes were found for three flowering traits. Eighteen candidate genes were found for four height related traits, with the majority of the candidate genes relating to plant hormones auxin and gibberellin. A single gene was discovered for ear height that also had effects on FT-like flowering gene expression levels. Findings will be used to inform future research efforts of the USDA Germplasm Enhancement of Maize project and eventually aid in the rapid adaptation of exotic germplasm to temperate U.S. environments.

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Section: Population Structuresupporting

confidence: 78%

Association Mapping of Flowering and Height Traits in Germplasm Enhancement of Maize Doubled Haploid (GEM‐DH) Lines

Vanous¹,

Gardner

Blanco

et al. 2018

The Plant Genome

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“…Recent studies have shown that the GSK3 family or their corresponding BR hormones have been emerging as an important genetic engineering targets or plant growth regulators in numerous crops like rice (Oryza sativa) [17,32] and maize (Zea mays. L) [33]. In grapevine, GSK3 homolog VvSK1 is reported as a sugar-inducible protein kinase that regulates hexose transport and sugar accumulation in cultured grapevine cells [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Characterization of VvSK Gene Family in Grapevine Revealing Their Role in Berry Ripening

Zeng

Haider

Huang

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The glycogen synthase kinase 3/shaggy kinase (GSK3) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays important roles in brassinosteroid signaling, abiotic stress responses, cell division, and elongation, etc. In this study, we characterized seven grape GSK3 genes, showing high similarities with homologs from other species including Arabidopsis, white pear, apple, orange, and peach. Gene chip microarray data derived from an online database revealed very diverse developmental and tissue-specific expression patterns of VvSKs. VvSK3 and VvSK7 showed much higher expression levels in almost every tissue compared with other members. VvSK7 was highly enriched in young tissues like berries before the veraison stage, young leaves and green stems, etc., but immediately downregulated after these tissues entered maturation or senescence phases. Prediction of cis-elements in VvSK promoters indicated that VvSKs might be sensitive to light stimulation, which is further confirmed by the qPCR data. Constitutive overexpression of VvSK7 in Arabidopsis leads to dwarf plants that resembles BR-deficient mutants. The photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced in these plants, even though they accumulated more chlorophyll in leaves. Transient overexpression of VvSKs in tomatoes delayed the fruit ripening process, consistent with the observation in grapevine which blocks VvSKs by EBR- or BIKININ-promoted berry expansion and soluble solids accumulation. Data presented in the current study may serve as a theoretical basis for the future application of BRs or related compounds in quality grape production.

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supporting

confidence: 86%

Dissecting adaptation through the exploration of flowering time in maize (Zea mays L.)

Vanous

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Maize germplasm used in the central-U.S. Corn Belt is comprised of a small portion of the germplasm available; however, the importance of these exotic sources of germplasm has long been known, as they possess diversity that is essential to overcome abiotic and biotic stresses.The main reason for not utilitzing exotic germplasm is the difficulty of adapting these sources of germplasm. This thesis investigates two pre-breeding methods used to adapt exotic maize germplasm and the effects of these methods on altering the main adaption trait of flowering time.A selection mapping experiment was used to investigate flowering time in populations adapted through recurrent mass selection, while association analysis is used to investiage flowering time in doubled haploid lines adapted through back-crossing. Many flowering related genes were found within regions of selection in the selection mapping experiment, while only a few genes were found in regions identified through asssocation analysis. Little was found in common between the two approaches. The experiments conducted resulted in many additional questions and future studies will be conducted to further understand the adaptation of exotic maize germplasm. CHAPTER ONE GENERAL INTRODUCTION Goals and ObjectivesMaize (Zea mays ssp. mays L.) is a genetically diverse crop species that offers useful genetic variation that is important for all breeding programs in order to continue crop improvement.However, as early as the 1950's, Brown (1953) and Wellhausen (1956) noted that only approximately 2% of the world's maize germplasm was being used. Relatively little emphasis was placed by the public sector on introducing tropical germplasm to widen the U.S. germplasm pool (Pollak, 2003). Hallauer and Carena (2014) theorized that the addition of such germplasm could possess better characteristics for some traits than that of the 100% temperate germplasm currently being used in the Midwest Corn Belt. To date, the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), the USDA-ARS Germplasm Enhancement of Maize (GEM) project, and a few public sector maize breeding programs are working to adapt exotic and unique germplasm for use in the temperate Midwestern Corn Belt region. Flowering time is the main trait that impacts adaptability of germplasm in target areas and the primary concern, with light quality, intensity, and photoperiod appearing to be the main environmental factors involved (Austin et al, 2001). Common methods to accomplish this are through the use of pre-breeding, using artificial selection and backcross methods. Artificial selection methods are desirable if 100% exotic adapted germplasm is needed. Backcrossing exotic donor germplasm to temperate germplasm, however, will result in lines with a lower amount of exotic germplasm, but the process is much quicker than the artificial selection method.

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Brassinosteroid and gibberellin control of plant height in maize (Zea mays. L)

Cited by 4 publications

References 74 publications

Association Mapping of Flowering and Height Traits in Germplasm Enhancement of Maize Doubled Haploid (GEM‐DH) Lines

Association Mapping of Flowering and Height Traits in Germplasm Enhancement of Maize Doubled Haploid (GEM‐DH) Lines

Functional Characterization of VvSK Gene Family in Grapevine Revealing Their Role in Berry Ripening

Dissecting adaptation through the exploration of flowering time in maize (Zea mays L.)

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