Bray, una cueva sepulcral de la Edad del Bronce en el Peñón de Gibraltar

Guzmán, Francisco J. Giles; Pacheco, Francisco Giles; López, José María Gutiérrez; Río, María Cristina Reinoso del; Finlayson, Clive; Finlayson, Geraldine; Vidal, Joaquin Rodrı́guez; Finlayson, Stewart

doi:10.7203/sagvntvm.49.10658

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The human remains (teeth and finger/toe phalanges) and elements of personal adornment (serpentine necklace beads, copper, and shells) found in the cave demonstrate the variety of ritual practices in the region of the Strait of Gibraltar during this period. The use of caves for funerary purpose on the southern shore of the strait had previously been documented only in El Hafa II (Ramos et al 2011;Raissouni et al 2015) and nearby, in Bray Cave, Gibraltar (Giles Guzmán et al 2017). The radiocarbon dates from these two sites are contemporaneous with those of the human remains in Benzú indicating that some of the natural caves were used for funerary contexts during the Early Bronze Age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Occupation of Benzú Cave (Ceuta) by Neolithic and Bronze Age Societies

et al. 2019

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This study presents the results of the archaeological investigation in Benzú Cave, located on the North African shore of the Strait of Gibraltar. The archaeological deposits, approximately 1 m deep, belong to two occupational levels dated to the Neolithic and the Bronze Age. A wide range of artifacts was found, and this led to an interdisciplinary study that led us to reach new conclusions concerning the material life, subsistence economy, and environment of the Neolithic and Bronze Age societies in northern Africa and the southern Iberian Peninsula.Résumé Cette étude présente les résultats des recherches archéologiques menées dans la grotte de Benzú, située sur la rive nord-africaine du détroit de Gibraltar. Les gisements archéologiques, d'environ un mètre de profondeur, appartiennent à deux niveaux d'occupation datant du néolithique et de l'âge du bronze. Une large gamme d'artefacts ont été trouvés, ce qui a conduit à une étude interdisciplinaire qui nous a amenés à tirer de nouvelles conclusions concernant la vie matérielle, l'économie de subsistance et l'environnement des sociétés du Néolithique et de l'Age du Bronze en Afrique du Nord et au sud de la Péninsule Ibérique.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Occupation of Benzú Cave (Ceuta) by Neolithic and Bronze Age Societies

et al. 2019

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The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

Olalde

Mallick

Patterson

et al. 2019

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We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by~2500 BCE and, by~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia's ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European-speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European-speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.

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As above, so below: Deposition, modification, and reutilization of human remains at Marmoles cave (Cueva de los Marmoles: Southern Spain, 4000–1000 cal. BCE)

Laffranchi,

Milella,

Vera Rodríguez

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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The deposition and manipulation of human remains in natural caves are well known for the Neolithic of Southern Iberia. The cultural meaning of these practices is however still largely unclear. Cueva de los Marmoles (CM, Priego-Córdoba) is one of the most important cave contexts from Southern Spain, which returned a large number of commingled skeletal remains suggesting its funerary use from the Neolithic to the Late Bronze Age. Here we discuss CM from a chronological and cultural perspective based on new radiocarbon, anthropological, and taphonomic analyses. These include the estimation of the minimum number of individuals, the exploration of fragmentation patterns characterizing different skeletal regions, and the macroscopic and microscopic analysis of modifications to the remains of possible anthropic origin. Radiocarbon data point to a funerary use of CM between the 5th -2nd millennium cal. BCE. MNI estimates reveal the presence of at least 12 individuals (seven adults and five nonadults). The low representation of elements from hands and feet suggests that individuals were placed in the cave while partially decomposed. Anthropic traces on the remains (e.g. fresh fractures, marrow canal modifications, and scraping marks) hint at their intentional fragmentation, cleaning from residual soft tissues, and in some cases reutilization. These practices are well-exemplified by the recovery of one "skull cup" and of two long bones used as tools. These data align with those from other cave contexts from the same geographic region, suggesting the presence, especially during the Neolithic period, of shared ideologies centered on the human body.

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Bray, una cueva sepulcral de la Edad del Bronce en el Peñón de Gibraltar

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

The Occupation of Benzú Cave (Ceuta) by Neolithic and Bronze Age Societies

The Occupation of Benzú Cave (Ceuta) by Neolithic and Bronze Age Societies

The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

As above, so below: Deposition, modification, and reutilization of human remains at Marmoles cave (Cueva de los Marmoles: Southern Spain, 4000–1000 cal. BCE)

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