Brazil and Access to HIV/AIDS Drugs: A Question of Human Rights and Public Health

Galväo, Jane

doi:10.2105/ajph.2004.044313

Cited by 151 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These methods, together, enabled me to conduct ethnographic research beyond what was said, to understand how meaning is made in and through practices, 27,28 senses 29 and space. 30 Ethics permission for this study was formally obtained from the University of Sussex. Each of the study participants provided written consent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“When the skies fight”: HIV, violence and pathways of precarity in South Africa

Mills

2016

Reproductive Health Matters

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Based on multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork in South Africa, this article explores the skies that fight, the proverbial lightning strikes that bring HIV into women's lives and bodies. Departing from earlier studies on ARV programmes in and beyond South Africa, and broadening out to explore the chronic struggle for life in a context of entrenched socio-economic inequality, this article presents findings on women's embodiment of and strategic resistance to structural and interpersonal violence. These linked forms of violence are discussed in light of the concept of precarity. Across two sections, the findings trace the pathways through which precarity entered women's lives, drawing on verbal, visual and written accounts collected through participant observation, participatory photography and film, and journey mapping. In doing so, the ethnography articulates the intersection of structural and interpersonal violence in women's lives. It also reveals the extent to which women exert a 'constrained agency', on the one hand, to resist structural violence and reconfigure their political relationship with the state through health activism; and, on the other hand, to shift the gender dynamics that fuel interpersonal violence through a careful navigation of intimacy and independence.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“When the skies fight”: HIV, violence and pathways of precarity in South Africa

Mills

2016

Reproductive Health Matters

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“…However, we should highlight their relevance in supporting the policy for access to ARVs. Various authors have explored this issue, like Levi & Victora 25 and Galvão 26 , among others. The government laboratories, domestic and foreign private companies, and the Federal government are the key stakeholders for the purposes of this study and will be examined below.…”

Section: The Main Stakeholdersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiretroviral manufacturers and the challenge of universal access to drugs through the Brazilian National STD/AIDS Program

Lago

Costa

2009

Cad. Saúde Pública

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“…This policy has been considered highly successful, especially in the context of a developing country like Brazil, plagued by deep socioeconomic and regional inequalities 20,21 .…”

Section: Version Of Its Hiv/aids Treatment Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

AIDS mortality, "race or color", and social inequality in a context of universal access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Brazil, 1999-2004

et al. 2007

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Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to a substantial increase in the survival of people living with AIDS, despite heterogeneities among individuals from different socioeconomic strata. The present paper analyzes AIDS deaths in Brazil during a period in which HAART became a key treatment regimen, exploring the hypothesis that "race or color" defines one dimension of socioeconomic inequality in Brazil. AIDS mortality, stratified by gender and "race or color", was calculated using data from the National Mortality System. The rates were highest among individuals classified as "black" and lower among those classified as "mixed-race", with a continuous increase among the later from 1999 to 2004 for men and women. Among individuals classified as "white", mortality rates remained stable among men, but not women. Median age at death among "mixed-race" individuals was lower for both men and women. Differential trends according to gender and "race or color" were highlighted by the present study, indicating the pressing need to further explore the underlying factors that might explain different mortality rates in a context of universal access.

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Brazil and Access to HIV/AIDS Drugs: A Question of Human Rights and Public Health

Cited by 151 publications

References 29 publications

“When the skies fight”: HIV, violence and pathways of precarity in South Africa

“When the skies fight”: HIV, violence and pathways of precarity in South Africa

Antiretroviral manufacturers and the challenge of universal access to drugs through the Brazilian National STD/AIDS Program

AIDS mortality, "race or color", and social inequality in a context of universal access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Brazil, 1999-2004

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