Breaking barriers for Bangladeshi female solo travelers

Do personal values and motivation affect women’s solo travel intentions in Taiwan?

“…A female's internal values enable them to participate in the process of women's freedom and empowerment, which supports the findings of prior studies that through female solo travel, women can transcend the system and societal roles, stereotypical traditions, and social expectations (Seow & Brown, 2018;Bernard et al, 2022). Overall, this study evidences that personal internal values influence female solo travel motivation, with escape/ relaxation being the primary contributor.…”

“…Female solo travel has risen globally, drawing attention from academics and researchers. There is extensive literature focusing on the concept of perceived gender risks for female solo travelers such as assault, sexual harassment, and personal safety (Wilson & Little, 2005;Yang et al, 2018b;Kour & Gupta, 2019;Thomas & Mura, 2019;Kaba, 2021); travel experiences such as empowerment, surveillance, resistance, and self-discovery (Jordan & Gibson, 2005;Yang et al, 2019;Nikjoo et al, 2021); female solo travelers' constraints (Nguyen, 2018;Schwab, 2019;Uatay et al, 2019;Ngwira et al, 2020;Bernard et al, 2022); psychologicalsocial support (Karagöz et al, 2021); requirements and preferences of female solo travelers (Sebova et al, 2021); and motivations (Chiang & Jogaratnam, 2006;Seow & Brown, 2018;Breda et al, 2020;Terziyska, 2021).…”

Solo Travel Research and Its Gender Perspective: A Critical Bibliometric Review

“…Women traveling alone seek personal growth and development [10,14,21] by increasing self-confidence and making themselves feel empowered [8,10,12,25,26]; having sex, gaining prestige [2], or escaping their family roles [8,10,21,25] are other motivations. The motivation of escaping is especially important for Muslim women, who feel an "exciting sense of emancipation" [27] when they distance themselves from imposed norms. Women also seek freedom [10,12,21,25,26]; meet people and new cultures [8,10,12,26]; do new and authentic things [26]; experience adventures [21]; expand their visions of the world [24]; and increase their knowledge [14].…”

“…Depending on the culture and religion, some women are especially vulnerable such as, for example, Asian women [26,36,40]. Family and social customs continue to have a very deep influence in some societies [27], and there is still much stigma in some cultures about women living or traveling alone [16,24]. They may have more difficulty traveling; such is the case of Iranian women who must have the permission of their fathers or husbands to travel [21,24], or Muslim women who might be forced to travel accompanied by what is known in Shariah as a "Mahram" [28].…”

“…They may have more difficulty traveling; such is the case of Iranian women who must have the permission of their fathers or husbands to travel [21,24], or Muslim women who might be forced to travel accompanied by what is known in Shariah as a "Mahram" [28]. Not to mention the fact that host countries can stereotype other religions [28], and traveling wearing the hijab can create uncomfortable situations with Islamophobic people [27], which leads them to wear a hat instead of a hijab to avoid this stigma [28]. The difficulties in obtaining a visa for most Muslim citizens [27], and the fact that traveling around their own country Asian women can be confused for "sex workers" [36], are all added difficulties, and women suffering these difficulties experience a form of double discrimination [40] for being women and being from certain countries.…”