1996
DOI: 10.1016/0029-7844(95)00470-x
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Breast Cancer During Pregnancy: Quantifying the Risk of Treatment Delay

Abstract: Axillary lymph nodes are the most important prognostic indicator for survival in breast cancer. Our mathematical model suggests the daily increased risk of axillary metastases due to treatment delay is 0.028% for tumors with moderate doubling times of 130 days and 0.057% for tumors with rapid doubling times of 65 days. This minimal maternal risk may be acceptable to some third-trimester pregnant women with early breast cancer, who prefer organ-sparing treatment with radiation after delivery to a mastectomy dur… Show more

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Cited by 179 publications
(65 citation statements)
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“…2 According to DiFronzo and O'Connell, 3 breast cancer affects between 0.2 and 3.8% of all pregnant women, an incidence that is apparently increasing as a result of delayed pregnancy (later than 30 years of age) 2 and higher levels of detection (by means of mammography) of breast cancer in younger women. 1,4 One of the earliest suggestions of an association between pregnancy and unfavorable evolution of breast cancer was published by White in 1954, who noted that less than 20% of pregnant women who developed carcinoma of the breast survived for more than five years following diagnosis. 5 A number of subsequent studies have provided evidence supporting this pessimistic prognosis for PABC patients.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 According to DiFronzo and O'Connell, 3 breast cancer affects between 0.2 and 3.8% of all pregnant women, an incidence that is apparently increasing as a result of delayed pregnancy (later than 30 years of age) 2 and higher levels of detection (by means of mammography) of breast cancer in younger women. 1,4 One of the earliest suggestions of an association between pregnancy and unfavorable evolution of breast cancer was published by White in 1954, who noted that less than 20% of pregnant women who developed carcinoma of the breast survived for more than five years following diagnosis. 5 A number of subsequent studies have provided evidence supporting this pessimistic prognosis for PABC patients.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Diagnosis is almost always delayed (because of gestational physiologic alterations in the breast) and occurs at a younger age 15,48 . A delay of 1 month in diagnosis translates into a 0.9% increase in the odds of lymph node metastases 49 . Pregnancy-associated bca also has unfavourable biologic features related to poor prognostic outcome: high tumour grade, low hormone receptors, increased expression of her2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), and high levels of Ki-67 nuclear antigen 47,50 .…”
Section: 11mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…6 So early diagnosis, multidisciplinary treatment in proper time not only saves the life of victim but also is sometimes valuable for the baby .We faced difficulty in this case because of improper attention from patient side and her treating physician.The reason behind this is the normal increase in density of breast tissue during pregnancy. Here we used ultrasongraphy not only to avoid exposure of the baby by mammography but also to take a USG guided FNA from proper site in same sitting.…”
Section: Case Reportmentioning
confidence: 96%