Breast milk and defence against infection in the newborn.

Hanson, Lars Å.; Winberg, Jan

doi:10.1136/adc.47.256.845

Cited by 220 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…It has been noted in several studies that breast eding decreases the incidence of gastroenteritis in children . 20 A previous study using the enzymelinked immunosorbent assay demonstrated presence of rota-ral antibodies in human colostrum and milk. 15 Ob-rvations made during the present study indicate at many samples of milk and colostrum contain Stibody directed against both serotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Human Rotavirus Types 1 and 2 as Studied by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

et al. 1978

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To determine the relative importance of two known serotypes of human rotavirus, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to differentiate serotype-specific rotavirus antigen and antibody. Using this technic, we studied the epidemiology of the two serotypes in acute gastroenteritis. Seventy-seven per cent of 414 rotavirus isolates were Type 2, and the remainder were Type 1. The serotype distribution was similar in specimens from children in Washington D.C., and other parts of the world. Sero-R OTAVIRUS is an important cause of gastroenteritis of infants and children in many parts of the world.'' 2 Because the virus does not grow effi-ci,ently in tissue culture, conventional neutralization "methods cannot be used to examine its serotypic variations.''' Recently, two human rotavirus serotypes were distinguished by complement fixation,' immune electron microscopy' and immunofluorescence. 6 The latter two methods are not practical for serotyping of large numbers of rotavirus-positive specimens whereas complement fixation is not sensitive enough for use with low-titered preparations. We recently described the technic of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of rotavirus antigen and antibody.'"" This assay is similar in design to radioimmunoassay but uses an enzyme instead of a radioactive isotope to quantitate binding of immunoglobulin. We modified the basic assay for detection of rotavirus serotypes and used this new procedure to study the epidemiology of these viruses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens'Stool specimens containing rotavirus were collected from 278 in-il. nts and children with gastroenteritis living in the Washington, D.C., area. From January, 1974, to October, 1976, only hospitalized patients were studied, whereas from November, 1976, to May, 1978, specimens from both inpatients and outpatients were available. This population has been described in detail.' In addition, 136 rotaviruscontaining specimens were available from children with and without gastroenteritis from other localities throughout the world. Included were rotavirus-positive stool specimens obtained

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Human Rotavirus Types 1 and 2 as Studied by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

et al. 1978

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“…Reports suggest that these infections are less common amongst the breast fed (Winberg & Wessner, 1971;Hanson & Winberg, 1972;Goldman & Smith, 1973). However, most studies on the faecal flora of infants involve either newborn infants in hospital (Michael, Ringenback & Hottenstein, 1971;Willis et al 1973;Bettelheim et at.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of gram-negative aerobic bacilli in the faeces of babies born in hospital and at home

Feeney

Cooke

Shinebaum

1980

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYExamination of the faeces of 50 babies born at home showed that bottle-fed babies carried significantly more Klebsiella, Proteus and Pseudomonas spp. and antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli than did breast-fed babies. Bottle-fed babies born in hospital had a less mixed faecal flora than bottle-fed babies born at home. The possibility that bacterial contamination of home-prepared feeds may account for these differences requires investigation.

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“…Further, there was evidence available during this period that premature babies fed artificially were at greater risk of infection (Anon., 1961;Tassovatz and Kotsitch, 1961;György, 1971;Winberg and Wessner, 1971;Hanson and Winberg, 1972) and necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), a cascade of events which is potentially fatal (Addy, 1976;Barlow et al, 1974). However, sometimes mothers of sick babies had already abandoned breastfeeding and there was little support to relactate (re-establish lactation).…”

Section: Babies In Needmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human milk banking in the volunteer sector: Policy development and actuality in 1970s Australia

Thorley

2012

Midwifery

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Objective: to describe the development of rigorous milk banking policies in the voluntary sector in Australia, 1975Australia, -1979, by the non-government organisation, the Nursing Mothers' Association of Australia (now the Australian Breastfeeding Association), and the eventual abandonment of milk banking by the organisation.Design: 0historical article. Setting: Australia in the years 1975-1979.Conclusions: During the period in which the policy development described here took place, conducting a milk bank to the rigorous standards set by the organisation required too heavy an investment of hours by unpaid volunteer coordinators to be sustainable. Implications for practice:In establishing and continuing a successful milk bank, models which depend less on volunteer hours may be more sustainable.

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Breast milk and defence against infection in the newborn.

Cited by 220 publications

References 37 publications

Epidemiology of Human Rotavirus Types 1 and 2 as Studied by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Epidemiology of Human Rotavirus Types 1 and 2 as Studied by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

A comparative study of gram-negative aerobic bacilli in the faeces of babies born in hospital and at home

Human milk banking in the volunteer sector: Policy development and actuality in 1970s Australia

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