Breastfeeding reduces breast cancer risk: a case–control study in Tunisia

Msolly, Awatef; Gharbi, Olfa; Harrabi, Imed; Kacem, M.; Chabchoub, I.; Rim, Chafai; Bibi, M.; Slim, Ben Ahmed

doi:10.1007/s10552-009-9471-3

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These findings are also supported by individual studies and other systematic reviews (Alothaimeen et al, 2004;Yavari et al, 2005;Saleh et al, 2008;Awatef et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Finally, thirty (Aboudaoud, 1971;Henquin et al, 1994;Potashnik et al, 1999;Nustas et al, 2002;Alothaimeen et al, 2004;Gilani and Kamal, 2004;Yavari et al, 2005;Fakri et al, 2006;Lerner et al, 2006;Shaham et al, 2006;Faheem et al, 2007;Shema et al, 2007;Naieni et al, 2007;Mahouri et al, 2007;Katz et al, 2008;Peled et al, 2008;Montazeri et al, 2008;Saadat et al, 2008;Saleh et al, 2008;Ahmad et al, 2009;Calderon et al, 2009;Majid et al, 2009;Awatef et al, 2010;Abdulbari et al, 2010;Bidgoli et al, 2011;Ghiasvand et al, 2011;Hajian and Ahangar, 2011;Javed et al, 2011;Kloong et al, 2011;Tehranian et al, 2011) eligible studies included in the meta-analysis after quality assessment (Table 2 and Figure 1). Twenty five case-control studies, one nested case-control and four cohort studies were included.…”

Section: Search Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This situation gets worst by inadequate physical, environmental and political support and family restrictions for women in EMR. Several biologic mechanisms have supported the protective effect of physical activity on breast cancer such as endogenous sex steroid hormone production, effect on immune and antioxidant system (Abdulbari et al, 2010;Awatef et al, 2010;Kruk, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies had assessed (Henquin et al, 1994;Lerner et al, 2006) (Figure 3). Four studies (Nustas et al, 2002;Shaham et al, 2006;Awatef et al, 2010;Hajian and Ahangar, 2011) had evaluated the association between physical activity and breast cancer in EMR countries. The pooled OR using random model for physical activity more than 5.5 hour/ week/year versus no regular physical activity was 0.32 (95%CI: 0.27-0.38), with I²=86% (p=0.003) (Figure 4).…”

Section: Assessing Publication Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Factors of Breast Cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Namiranian¹,

Moradi‐Lakeh²,

Razavi-Ratki³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: Identifying risk factors of breast cancer is a key point for preventive strategies to reduce the incidence. The aim of current study was to determine most important risk factors for breast cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) using a systematic review. Materials and Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science till August 24, 2012 and the reference lists of all included studies were searched. Analytic studies which had reported odds ratios (OR), relative risk (RR) or required data to calculate them were included. A total of 343 studies were critically appraised and finally 30 studies were meta-analyzed. Heterogeneity between the studies was assessed by I² and Cochran's Q. Egger's test was used to assess publication bias. Results: Twenty five casecontrol studies, one nested case-control and four cohort studies were included. The largest ORs were obtained for history of no live birth (2.25; 95%CI: 1.58-3.18), body mass index (BMI) more than 30 (2.21; 95%CI: 1.71-2.36), age at first pregnancy more than 30 years old (1.52; 95%CI: 1.30-1.77) and meat consumption more than three times per week (1.39; 95%CI: 1.03-1.87). The other important predictors were higher education and smoking as risk factors, physical activity and ovulatory stimulating medication as protective factors. Conclusions: The most important predictors of breast cancer in EMR were history of no live birth, BMI more than 30, age at first pregnancy more than 30 years old, physical inactivity and smoking. Almost all these risk factors are consistent with known risk factors for this cancer in other parts of the world.

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“…These findings are also supported by individual studies and other systematic reviews (Alothaimeen et al, 2004;Yavari et al, 2005;Saleh et al, 2008;Awatef et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Search Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessing Publication Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Risk Factors of Breast Cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Namiranian¹,

Moradi‐Lakeh²,

Razavi-Ratki³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…2002) for children later in life and reduced risk of cancers (Awatef et al . 2010; Jordan et al . 2012) and diabetes (Liu et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pervasive promotion of breastmilk substitutes in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, and high usage by mothers for infant and young child feeding

Pries

Huffman

Mengkheang

et al. 2016

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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In 2005, Cambodia passed the Sub‐Decree on Marketing of Products for Infant and Young Child Feeding (no. 133) to regulate promotion of commercial infant and young child food products, including breastmilk substitutes. Helen Keller International assessed mothers' exposure to commercial promotions for breastmilk substitutes and use of these products through a cross‐sectional survey among 294 mothers of children less than 24 months of age. Eighty‐six per cent of mothers reported observing commercial promotions for breastmilk substitutes, 19.0% reported observing infant and young child food product brands/logos on health facility equipment and 18.4% reported receiving a recommendation from a health professional to use a breastmilk substitute. Consumption of breastmilk substitutes was high, occurring among 43.1% of children 0–5 months and 29.3% of children 6–23 months of age. Findings also indicated a need to improve breastfeeding practices among Phnom Penh mothers. Only 36.1% of infants 0–5 months of age were exclusively breastfed, and 12.5% of children 20–23 months of age were still breastfed. Children that received a breastmilk substitute as a prelacteal feed were 3.9 times more likely to be currently consuming a breastmilk substitute than those who did not. Despite restriction of commercial promotions for breastmilk substitutes without government approval, occurrence of promotions is high and use is common among Phnom Penh mothers. In a country with high rates of child malnutrition and pervasive promotions in spite of restrictive national law, full implementation of Cambodia's Sub‐Decree 133 is necessary, as are policies and interventions to support exclusive and continued breastfeeding. Key messages Despite prohibition without specific approval by the national government, companies are pervasively promoting breast‐milk substitutes in Phnom Penh, particularly on television and at points of sale.Strengthened implementation and enforcement of Cambodia's subdecree 133 are needed to better regulate promotion in order to protect breastfeeding for the nutrition and health of infants and young children in Cambodia.Mothers who used a breast‐milk substitute as a prelacteal feed were 3.9 times more likely to currently feed this same child a breast‐milk substitute, as compared with mothers who did not provide breast‐milk substitute as a prelacteal feed. Supporting breastfeeding among mothers after delivery is critical to establish and sustain optimal breastfeeding practices.Use of breast‐milk substitutes is also very common among mothers of children under 2 years of age in Phnom Penh. We recommend promoting exclusive and continued breastfeeding as beneficial to children's health and development, and supporting policy and workplace environments that enable breastfeeding up to and beyond 24 months of age.

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The Role of Hormonal Factors in Cancer Prevention

Thomas

2012

Epidemiologic Studies in Cancer Prevention and Screening

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Breastfeeding reduces breast cancer risk: a case–control study in Tunisia

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

Risk Factors of Breast Cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Risk Factors of Breast Cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Pervasive promotion of breastmilk substitutes in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, and high usage by mothers for infant and young child feeding

The Role of Hormonal Factors in Cancer Prevention

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