Breeding Crops for Durable Resistance to Disease

Stuthman, D. D.; Leonard, K. J.; Miller-Garvin, Jill

doi:10.1016/s0065-2113(07)95004-x

Cited by 113 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Many breeding programs and strategies have been developed to improve cultivar resistance aiming to sustain resistance (Delourme et al, 2006;Rimmer, 2006;Stuthman et al, 2007) that would remain effective over many years in an environment conducive to STB epidemics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative inheritance of resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat in Tunisia

Berraies¹,

Ammar²,

Gharbi

et al. 2014

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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Septoria tritici blotch, causal agent Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckel) J. Schröt. (anamorph: Zymoseptoria tritici Desm.), is the major foliar disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Tunisia causing frequent epidemics on T. turgidum L. var. durum (Desf.) Bowden, and important yield and grain quality losses. To determine the inheritance of resistance to septoria, a cross was made using resistant ('Salim') and susceptible ('Karim') cultivars. Parents, and the 149 derived recombinant lines, were tested for resistance to septoria under field conditions during the 2009 and 2010 crop seasons. The inheritance of resistance to septoria was quantitative where a continuous and normal distribution (W = 0.93) was shown among segregate progenies. During 2009 and 2010 crop seasons, the mean disease severities of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) ranged from 29.1% to 41.8%, respectively, and 53% of RILs were associated with lower disease severity than the mid-parent value. The severity was significantly affected by Genotype × Year interaction (p < 0.01). Broad sense heritability was 0.55 suggesting a quantitative inheritance of resistance to M. graminicola. These results would imply that genetic resistance to STB could be attributed to additive gene effects. Thus, using identified sources of tolerance to STB in a breeding program would enhance the development of cultivars that are adapted to the prevailing isolates in field conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative inheritance of resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat in Tunisia

Berraies¹,

Ammar²,

Gharbi

et al. 2014

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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“…Agricultural practices that increase host density such as increase of field aggregation, field size and crop species uniformity tend to increase the severity of plant disease epidemics (Ayliffe et al 2008;Stuthman et al 2007), as such practices both increase host vulnerability and facilitate movement of the plant pathogen. In addition, genetic uniformity of cultivars contributes to a greater vulnerability of the host, and low genetic variation is associated with few traits conferring resistance to a particular pathogen (Tadesse et al 2010).…”

Section: Pests and Diseases In Animals And Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the movement of people from and between low and middle-income countries, carrying there own food and dodging border controls, may contribute to the spread of pathogens. Hence, the specialized agriculture commonly found in the industrial world with large fields devoted to uniform crop cultivars, higher planting densities and increased usage of fertilizers may increase the risk of spread of a plant disease (Stuthman et al 2007). However, it is generally difficult to predict the spread of plant diseases (Garrett et al 2011) and the magnitude of their effects depend both on environmental conditions and plant-pathogen interactions (Wellings 2007).…”

Section: Pests and Diseases In Animals And Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future threats to agricultural food production posed by environmental degradation, climate change, and animal and plant diseases – a risk analysis in three economic and climate settings

et al. 2014

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Global food security is one of the most pressing issues for humanity, and agricultural production is critical for achieving this. The existing analyses of specific threats to agricultural food production seldom bring out the contrasts associated with different levels of economic development and different climatic zones. We therefore investigated the same biophysical threats in three modelled types of countries with different economic and climatic conditions. The threats analysed were environmental degradation, climate change and diseases and pests of animals and plants. These threats were analysed with a methodology enabling the associated risks to be compared. The timeframe was 2012-2050 and the analysis was based on three underlying assumptions for 2050: the world population will have increased to 9 billion people, there will be a larger middle class in the world and climate change will be causing more extreme weather events, higher temperatures and altered precipitation. It is suggested that the risks, presented by the biophysical threats analysed, differ among the three modelled types of countries and that climate zone, public stewardship and economic strength are major determinants of these differences. These determinants are far from evenly spread among the world's major food producers, which implies that diversification of risk monitoring and international assessment of agricultural production is critical for assuring global food security in 2050.

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“…It is well established that resistance breeding, fast tracking variety testing, release and deployment of new high yielding varieties with durable resistance to rust with diverse genetic background will always remain the core strategy for managing wheat rusts [3,8]. However, the use of fungicides should also be one of the important elements of overall rust management strategies.…”

Section: Wheat Yield Response To Foliar Fungicide Application Againstmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaf rust poses a particular challenge, because it occurs frequently and thrives in prolonged growing seasons of the type that is prevalent in the wheat growing areas of the world. It has occurred in epidemic form several times in Pakistan [3] and the resulting yield losses were reported to be 40% to 50% [4]. However, the extent of losses is in part dependent upon the level of susceptibility or resistance of wheat varieties grown by the farmers [5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat Yield Response to Foliar Fungicide Application against Leaf Rust Caused by Puccinia triticina

Joshi¹,

Ullah²,

Rehman³

et al. 2017

JAST-A

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Abstract:A study was conducted on reducing the yield loss of wheat due to leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina with foliar application of fungicides during the 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 growing seasons at the Wheat Research Institute in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Three fungicides: Folicur (tebuconazole) at 300 mL/ha, Nativo (tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin) at 300 g/ha and Tilt (propiconazole) at 500 mL/ha were applied single or two times to Morocco and Sehar-06 wheat varieties used in the trial. The trial plots were first sprayed at the Zadok's scale (ZS) 3 stage and second sprayed between ZS 4.3 and 5.4 stages. The greenness of the trial crop was measured using GreenSeeker. Foliar application of fungicides significantly reduced the loss of grain yield and 1,000-grain weight (TGW) of wheat due to leaf rust in comparison to the control without fungicides application. Of the three fungicides, two times spray of Nativo reduced the grain yield loss of leaf rust susceptible mega wheat variety Sehar-06 by 45%-56% and the loss of TGW by 42%, also giving the highest marginal return in the trial. Single application of Nativo was equally effective as two times spray of Folicur in reducing the loss of wheat grain yield. Two times spray of Folicur was found to be the second choice of fungicide for reducing the yield loss of wheat. The research identified suitable fungicides for reducing the yield loss of wheat due to leaf rust and also generated important scientific knowledge required to manage a sudden outbreak of leaf rust to ensure food security.

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Breeding Crops for Durable Resistance to Disease

Cited by 113 publications

References 76 publications

Quantitative inheritance of resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat in Tunisia

Quantitative inheritance of resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat in Tunisia

Future threats to agricultural food production posed by environmental degradation, climate change, and animal and plant diseases – a risk analysis in three economic and climate settings

Wheat Yield Response to Foliar Fungicide Application against Leaf Rust Caused by Puccinia triticina

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