Breeding latitude is associated with the timing of nesting and migration around the annual calendar among Purple Martin (Progne subis) populations

Neufeld, Layla; Muthukumarana, Saman; Fischer, Jason D.; Ray, James D.; Siegrist, Joe; Fraser, Kevin C.

doi:10.1007/s10336-021-01894-w

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…did not show a significant trend, which could have resulted from non-uniform arrivals composed of different age groups, individuals coming from different breeding grounds, different sexes, or individuals traveling at different rates (Neufeld et al, 2021). This suggests that climate change may be impacting aerial insectivore phenology unevenly across different periods of their roosting stage, potentially leading to a shortened pre-migratory roosting season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Quantifying long‐term phenological patterns of aerial insectivores roosting in the Great Lakes region using weather surveillance radar

Deng

Belotti

Zhao

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Organisms have been shifting their timing of life history events (phenology) in response to changes in the emergence of resources induced by climate change. Yet understanding these patterns at large scales and across long time series is often challenging. Here we used the US weather surveillance radar network to collect data on the timing of communal swallow and martin roosts and evaluate the scale of phenological shifts and its potential association with temperature. The discrete morning departures of these aggregated aerial insectivores from ground-based roosting locations are detected by radars around sunrise. For the first time, we applied a machine learning algorithm to automatically detect and track these largescale behaviors. We used 21 years of data from 12 weather surveillance radar stations in the Great Lakes region to quantify the phenology in roosting behavior of aerial insectivores at three spatial levels: local roost cluster, radar station, and across the Great Lakes region. We show that their peak roosting activity timing has advanced by 2.26 days per decade at the regional scale. Similar signals of advancement were found at the station scale, but not at the local roost cluster scale. Air temperature trends in the Great Lakes region during the active roosting period were predictive of later stages of roosting phenology trends (75% and 90% passage dates). Our study represents one of the longest-term broad-scale phenology examinations of avian aerial insectivore species responding to environmental change and provides a stepping stone for examining potential phenological mismatches across trophic levels at broad spatial scales.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Quantifying long‐term phenological patterns of aerial insectivores roosting in the Great Lakes region using weather surveillance radar

Deng

Belotti

Zhao

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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“…It is understood that plant phenology, such as first bloom, generally follows a latitudinal trend across North America (Gerst et al 2020), which is also an indicator of timing in seasonal resources that migratory birds need during the breeding season (Lehikoinen et al 2019). Purple martins are known to follow a latitudinal gradient in spring arrival timing where southern colonies arrive earlier and spend more time at breeding sites compared to northern colonies (Neufeld et al 2021) and potentially rely largely on endogenous cues tied with spring phenology. Along with shorter breeding seasons in the north, the more northern breeding colonies exhibit greater declines than the southern ones (Nebel et al 2010).…”

Section: Natal Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structure, patterns of natal dispersal and demographic history in a declining aerial insectivore, the purple martin Progne subis

Greef

Brashear

Delmore

et al. 2022

Journal of Avian Biology

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Genetic variation is a fundamental component of biodiversity, and studying population structure, gene flow and demographic history can help guide conservation strategies for many species. Like other aerial insectivores, the purple martin Progne subis is in decline, and yet their genetic background remains largely unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we assessed population structure in the nominate eastern subspecies (P. s. subis) with relation to natal dispersal and examined historical genetic patterns in all three subspecies (P. s. subis, P. s. arboricola, P. s. hesperia) across their North American breeding range by estimating effective population sizes over time. We used next‐generation sequencing strategies for genomic analyses, integrating whole‐genome resequencing data with continent‐wide band encounter records to examine natal dispersal. We documented population structure across P. s. subis, with the highest differentiation between the northern (Alberta) and more southern colonies and following patterns of isolation‐by‐distance. Consistent with spatial patterns of genetic differentiation, we also found greater longitudinal than latitudinal natal dispersal distances, signifying potential latitudinal constraints on gene flow. Earlier contractions in effective population sizes in the western P. s. arboricola and P. s. hesperia compared to the eastern P. s. subis subspecies suggest these subspecies originated from two different glacial refugia. Together, these findings support latitudinal distinction in P. s. subis, and elucidate the origin of subspecies differentiation, highlighting the importance of conserving populations across the range to maximize genetic diversity and adaptive potential in the purple martin.

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“…It is thus a powerful system to study migration genomics. For example, individuals breeding in the southern edge of the range in Florida may arrive as early as mid-January, while their northern counterparts in Alberta may arrive as late as June 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic architecture of migration timing in a long-distance migratory songbird

Greef

Suh

Thorstensen

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The impact of climate change on spring phenology poses risks to migratory birds, as migration timing is controlled predominantly by endogenous mechanisms. Despite recent advances in our understanding of the underlying genetic basis of migration timing, the ways that migration timing phenotypes in wild individuals may map to specific genomic regions requires further investigation. We examined the genetic architecture of migration timing in a long-distance migratory songbird (purple martin, Progne subis subis) by integrating genomic data with an extensive dataset of direct migratory tracks. A moderate to large amount of variance in spring migration arrival timing was explained by genomics (proportion of phenotypic variation explained by genomics = 0.74; polygenic score R2 = 0.24). On chromosome 1, a region that was differentiated between migration timing phenotypes contained genes that could facilitate nocturnal flights and act as epigenetic modifiers. Overall, these results advance our understanding of the genomic underpinnings of migration timing.

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Breeding latitude is associated with the timing of nesting and migration around the annual calendar among Purple Martin (Progne subis) populations

Cited by 19 publications

References 58 publications

Quantifying long‐term phenological patterns of aerial insectivores roosting in the Great Lakes region using weather surveillance radar

Quantifying long‐term phenological patterns of aerial insectivores roosting in the Great Lakes region using weather surveillance radar

Population structure, patterns of natal dispersal and demographic history in a declining aerial insectivore, the purple martin Progne subis

Genomic architecture of migration timing in a long-distance migratory songbird

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