Breeding salmonids for feed efficiency in current fishmeal and future plant-based diet environments

Quinton, Cheryl; Kause, Antti; Koskela, Juha; Ritola, Ossi

doi:10.1051/gse:2007013

Cited by 20 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“… in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Quinton et al . ,b in European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus ). The only exception is the study of Silverstein et al .…”

Section: What Is the Variability Of Fe And Can We Select For Fe Direcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving feed efficiency in fish using selective breeding: a review

Verdal

Komen

Quillet

et al. 2017

Reviews in Aquaculture

130

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Improving feed efficiency (FE) is key to reducing production costs in aquaculture and to achieving sustainability for the aquaculture industry. Feed costs account for 30–70% of total production costs in aquaculture; much work has been done on nutritional and husbandry approaches to improve FE but only a limited amount of research has been devoted to using genetics, despite its potential. This paper reviews past work to improve FE in fish using selective breeding and assess future directions. Direct selection on FE traits requires methods to measure individual feed consumption and estimate FE efficiently and accurately. This is particularly difficult to do in fish because of the environment in which they live. Many of the published studies on FE were found to be inaccurate because of methodological problems. The relatively low heritability estimates of FE traits in fish published to date are probably partly as a result of inaccurate measurements of feed intake. Improving ways to measure the individual feed intake with high accuracy will be critical to the successful application of genetics to improving FE. Indirect selection criteria that could be used to improve FE (including growth after starvation/refeeding, body composition, neuropeptides or hormone levels) are discussed. Promising approaches to measuring feed intake accurately that may enable these studies to be undertaken are identified. More work using these will be needed prior to assessing the practicality of the introduction of direct or indirect traits for FE in fish genetic improvement programmes.

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“… in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Quinton et al . ,b in European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus ). The only exception is the study of Silverstein et al .…”

Section: What Is the Variability Of Fe And Can We Select For Fe Direcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving feed efficiency in fish using selective breeding: a review

Verdal

Komen

Quillet

et al. 2017

Reviews in Aquaculture

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, higher substitution rates strongly reduce fish growth [16], [17] and have an impact on health [16], [18], which is a major obstacle to the aquaculture development of many species that still rely on marine ingredients such as salmonids and marine species. Interestingly, genetic variability of the ability to grow on a plant-based diet has recently been demonstrated in farmed fish populations of two carnivorous species, the rainbow trout [19], [20], [21] and the European whitefish [22], but the effectiveness of selective breeding for this specific trait has only been tested with a fishmeal-free diet [23]. The objectives of this study were to show that fish can actually be selected for their ability to adapt to a diet totally free of marine ingredients and to characterize the effects of such a selection scheme on major production traits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection for Adaptation to Dietary Shifts: Towards Sustainable Breeding of Carnivorous Fish

et al. 2012

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Genetic adaptation to dietary environments is a key process in the evolution of natural populations and is of great interest in animal breeding. In fish farming, the use of fish meal and fish oil has been widely challenged, leading to the rapidly increasing use of plant-based products in feed. However, high substitution rates impair fish health and growth in carnivorous species. We demonstrated that survival rate, mean body weight and biomass can be improved in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after a single generation of selection for the ability to adapt to a totally plant-based diet (15.1%, 35.3% and 54.4%, respectively). Individual variability in the ability to adapt to major diet changes can be effectively used to promote fish welfare and a more sustainable aquaculture.

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“…Beattie 1984;Tave 1988;Bentsen et al 1998;Parsons 1998;Gjedrem 2000;Nell et al 2000;Hulata 2001;Argue et al 2002;Quinton et al 2005Quinton et al , 2007Kause et al 2006;). Beattie 1984;Tave 1988;Bentsen et al 1998;Parsons 1998;Gjedrem 2000;Nell et al 2000;Hulata 2001;Argue et al 2002;Quinton et al 2005Quinton et al , 2007Kause et al 2006;).…”

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“…fat content or pigment) (Gjedrem 2000;Quinton et al 2007). fat content or pigment) (Gjedrem 2000;Quinton et al 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of the effect of diet and genotype on protein and energy utilization by the black tiger shrimp,Penaeus monodon- why do genetically selected shrimp grow faster?

et al. 2012

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Selected (G8) and wild-type (W) genotypes of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) juveniles (initial weight G8 = 9.14 ± 0.36 g per animal and W = 8.44 ± 0.10 g per animal) were fed either of two diet types in a clear-water tank trial to examine the effects of diet type and genetics on growth and feed utilization parameters. Animals were fed twice daily at one of the five ration levels from starvation to apparent satiety. All uneaten feed was accounted for and moults removed. Starved animals were measured after 3 weeks; those fed were measured at both three and 6 weeks. Diet type varied by protein content, raw material choice and the presence [high-specification diet (HSD)] or absence [low-specification diet (LSD)] of bioactive substances. At the end of the study, faecal samples were also collected to determine the digestible protein and energy content of each diet by each genotype. Whole animal protein and energy content were also assessed from samples from the initial populations and those from each tank. Growth after 6 weeks of those animals fed to satiety showed that the G8 animals fed the HSD diet had grown at a rate of 2.56 g week À1 , significantly faster than any other treatment. Those G8 animals fed the LSD diet (1.81 g week À1 ) had grown significantly faster than the W animals fed the HSD diet (1.25 g week À1 ), while those W animals fed the LSD diet (0.61 g week À1 ) grew the slowest. Using the data from the varying ration levels, we were able to define that the growth gains of the G8 animals were achieved not only by a greater appetite, but also through lower maintenance energy costs (29 versus 57 kJ kg À0.8 day À1 ) and a more efficient energy conversion (19.5% versus 11.6% when fed the HSD diet). Use of a low-specification diet with the G8 and W shrimps limited their growth and impaired their potential as demonstrated by a curvilinear response of growth to intake. By comparison, those shrimp fed the HSD diet had a relatively linear growth response to intake.

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Breeding salmonids for feed efficiency in current fishmeal and future plant-based diet environments

Cited by 20 publications

References 32 publications

Improving feed efficiency in fish using selective breeding: a review

Improving feed efficiency in fish using selective breeding: a review

Selection for Adaptation to Dietary Shifts: Towards Sustainable Breeding of Carnivorous Fish

An analysis of the effect of diet and genotype on protein and energy utilization by the black tiger shrimp,Penaeus monodon- why do genetically selected shrimp grow faster?

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