Breeding Winter Oats Resistant to Crown Rust, Smut, and Cold¹

Cold Resistance of Parent Varieties, F2 Populations, and F3 Lines of 20 Oat Crosses1

“…Murphy et ai. ( 7) observed transgressive segregation for greater cold resistance in a cross of Lee X Victoria but not in the cross Hairy Culberson X Victoria. Coffman ( 3,4,5) notes that it has not been difficult to recover winterhardiness equal to that of the most hardy parent in oat crosses and in the case of Wintok, Letoria, Pioneer, and Markton X Red Rustproof, CI 3430," the average survival is higher than that of the better parent.…”

Moving beyond the Winter Hardiness Plateau in U.S. Oat Germplasm

“…In addition, progress was slowed by the unpredictable occurrence of winters severe enough to kill tender genotypes and damage those of intermediate hardiness (Marshall, 1992). Early evaluations of oat in controlled environment tests designed to supplement field evaluations used juvenile whole‐plant assays (Murphy et al, 1937; Amirshahi and Patterson, 1956a, 1956b). Subsequent improvements in controlled environment techniques involved evaluation of individual lateral crown meristem tissue from which root and shoot regrowth is regenerated (Marshall, 1965).…”

Development of a Standard Artificial Freezing Technique for Evaluating Cold Resistance of Oats1

“…Murphy et al (9), worked with seedling plants grown in the greenhouse and hardened at 38° to 42 o F. before cold treatment. Although a uniform exposure to cold was used for five different 181 freezing experiments, there was considerable variation in reactions of the selections in the various tests.…”