Bridging Autism Spectrum Disorders and Schizophrenia through inflammation and biomarkers - pre-clinical and clinical investigations

Prata, Joana; Santos, Susana G.; Almeida, Maria Inês; Coelho, Rui; Barbosa, Mário A.

doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0938-y

Cited by 104 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 275 publications

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“…These overlapping genes impact brain structures and dopamine homeostasis [Khanzada, Butler, & Manzardo, ]. Finally, a recent study reported that both schizophrenia and ASD were associated with inflammation [Prata et al, ]. These results indicated that schizophrenia is related to ASD, which is consistent with our findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Schizophrenia and ASD are reported to share some similar apparent [Cauda et al, ; Kocovska, Gaughran, Krivoy, & Meier, ; Lionel et al, ]. There is genetic, environmental, imaging, neurochemical, and inflammation evidence for a connection between schizophrenia and ASD [Cauda et al, ; Fiksinski et al, ; Kocovska et al, ; Pavăl, ; Prata, Santos, Almeida, Coelho, & Barbosa, ]. Recently, some scientists have focused on the association between schizophrenia and ASD [Abdallah et al, ; Bakken et al, ; Bradley, Summers, Wood, & Bryson, ; Fiksinski et al, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

2018

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Schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are significant public health problems. Scientists have recently explored the association between schizophrenia and ASD, but the findings are inconsistent. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies to examine the association between schizophrenia and ASD. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were used for literature searches to identify eligible studies published in English before October 2, 2017. Relevant studies estimating the association between schizophrenia and ASD were included. The meta-analysis of the prevalence of schizophrenia in individuals with ASD encompassed 1,950,113 participants and 14,945 individuals with ASD. A random-effects model was chosen to synthesize the effect sizes of individual studies. The prevalence of schizophrenia was significantly higher in individuals with ASD than in controls (odds ratio = 3.55, 95% confidence interval: 2.08-6.05, P < .001). Both sensitivity analysis and publication bias testing revealed that the findings were robust. The systematic review of the prevalence of ASD in individuals with schizophrenia encompassed 930 participants. The prevalence of ASD in individuals with schizophrenia ranged from 3.4 to 52%. The systematic review and meta-analysis showed a significant association between schizophrenia and ASD.Lay Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the association between schizophrenia and ASD. We found that the prevalence of schizophrenia was significantly higher in individuals with ASD than in controls and the prevalence of ASD in individuals with schizophrenia ranged from 3.4 to 52%. A comprehensive estimation of schizophrenia and ASD has important implications for the diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and development of a fundamental understanding of these disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

2018

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“…The disorders considered in the present review are caused by different etiologic factors and display a variety of symptoms that could hardly be reconducted to a unifying pattern. However, regardless of the origin of these diseases, the involvement of processes which share aspects reasonably attributable to inflammation is detectable in their underlying pathogenic mechanisms (Giovannoni et al 2007;Wilcock and Griffin 2013;King et al 2014;Ochoa-Cortes et al 2016;Hamlett et al 2018;Stark et al 2016;Chitnis and Weiner 2017;Labzin et al 2018;Fehily and Fitzgerald 2017;Mizuma and Yenari 2017;Neal and Richardson 2017;Franklin et al 2017;Prata et al 2017;Santos and Ferreira 2017;Joshi and Singh 2017;Thelin et al 2017a;Majd et al 2017;Zhang et al 2017;Zolezzi and Inestrosa 2017). This consideration has also been the object of a recent valuable review (Skaper et al 2018).…”

Section: Concluding Remarks and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The S100B story: from biomarker to active factor in neural injury

Michetti

D’Ambrosi

Toesca

et al. 2018

Journal of Neurochemistry

289

238

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S100B is a Ca -binding protein mainly concentrated in astrocytes. Its levels in biological fluids (cerebrospinal fluid, peripheral and cord blood, urine, saliva, amniotic fluid) are recognized as a reliable biomarker of active neural distress. Although the wide spectrum of diseases in which the protein is involved (acute brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases, congenital/perinatal disorders, psychiatric disorders) reduces its specificity, its levels remain an important aid in monitoring the trend of the disorder. Mounting evidence now points to S100B as a Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern molecule which, when released at high concentration, through its Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts, triggers tissue reaction to damage in a series of different neural disorders. This review addresses this novel scenario, presenting data indicating that S100B levels and/or distribution in the nervous tissue of patients and/or experimental models of different neural disorders, for which the protein is used as a biomarker, are directly related to the progress of the disease: acute brain injury (ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke, traumatic injury), neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis), congenital/perinatal disorders (Down syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia-1), psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, mood disorders), inflammatory bowel disease. In many cases, over-expression/administration of the protein induces worsening of the disease, whereas its deletion/inactivation produces amelioration. This review points out that the pivotal role of the protein resulting from these data, opens the perspective that S100B may be regarded as a therapeutic target for these different diseases, which appear to share some common features reasonably attributable to neuroinflammation, regardless their origin.

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“…In fact, reports have shown a significant association between AnxA1 gene duplication and autism 63 or single nucleotide polymorphism in AnxA1 gene and schizophrenia 64 , bipolar disorder or depression 65 . Most intriguingly, all these conditions have been often linked to immune dysfunctions or inflammatory conditions [66][67][68] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immuno-moodulin: a new anxiogenic factor produced by autoimmune-prone T cells

Piras

Rattazzi

Paschalidis

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Patients suffering from autoimmune diseases are more susceptible to mental disorders yet, the existence of specific cellular and molecular mechanisms behind the co-morbidity of these pathologies is far from being fully elucidated. By generating transgenic mice overexpressing Annexin-A1 exclusively in T cells to study its impact in models of autoimmune diseases, we made the unpredicted observation of an increased level of anxiety. Gene microarray of Annexin-A1 CD4 + T cells identified a novel anxiogenic factor, a small protein of approximately 21kDa encoded by the gene 2610019F03Rik which we named Immuno-moodulin. Neutralizing antibodies against Immuno-moodulin reverted the behavioral phenotype of Annexin-A1 transgenic mice and lowered the basal levels of anxiety in wild type mice; moreover, we also found that patients suffering from obsessive compulsive disorders show high levels of Imood in their peripheral mononuclear cells. We thus identify this protein as a novel peripheral determinant that modulates anxiety behavior. Therapies targeting Immuno-moodulin may lead to a new type of treatment for mental disorders through regulation of the functions of the immune system, rather than directly acting on the nervous system.

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Bridging Autism Spectrum Disorders and Schizophrenia through inflammation and biomarkers - pre-clinical and clinical investigations

Cited by 104 publications

References 275 publications

Association between schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Association between schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

The S100B story: from biomarker to active factor in neural injury

Immuno-moodulin: a new anxiogenic factor produced by autoimmune-prone T cells

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