Bridging the gap between the gas phase and solution: transition in the kinetics of acid-base reactions

Böhme, Diethard K.; Rakshit, Asit B.; Mackay, G. I.

doi:10.1021/ja00368a034

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The alkylmethyl halonium ions may be regarded as alkyl ions solvated by CH3C1. This solvation lowers the reactivity of the bare ion (20) and decreases the exothermicity of the alkylation reaction. Alkylation may then proceed with less likelihood of decomposition of the ion-neutral adduct.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

The gas phase reactivity of chloronium ions by high pressure mass spectroscopy

Stone¹,

Splinter²,

Splinter³

1984

Can. J. Chem.

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The reactions of CH3ClCH3+ (I) and CH3ClCH2Cl+ (II) with a range of bases have been studied in a high pressure ion source. Reactant ion monitoring has been used to obtain the relative reactivities. Transfer of CH3+ from I and CH2Cl+ from II are the only reactions observed with N- and O-containing bases. Following addition of CH2Cl+ from II, the lower alkyl aromatics (ArH) yield either ArHCH2Cl+ or the benzyl ions ArCH2+ and ArCHCl+ while CH3+ transfer leads only to ArHCH3+. The reactivities of the alkyl aromatics increase with increasing exothermicity (benzene → mesitylene) and there is an increasingly negative temperature coefficient of reactivity in the same order.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

The gas phase reactivity of chloronium ions by high pressure mass spectroscopy

Stone¹,

Splinter²,

Splinter³

1984

Can. J. Chem.

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“…Early studies focused 391a on the reactions In these S N 2 reactions, it was found that stepwise increases in n led to a decrease in reactivity of the parent anion. In related studies 391b of cations, it was found that increases in the degree of hydration of H 3 O + led to a decrease in the rate constant for proton transfer to H 2 S. Further examples of the influence on proton transfer by the degree of solvation can be found elsewhere. , …”

Section: Cluster Kinetics and Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Clusters: Structure, Energetics, and Dynamics of Intermediate States of Matter

1996

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The field of cluster research can trace its origins back to the mid-nineteenth century when early studies of colloids, aerosols, and nucleation phenomena were reported. The field underwent a resurgence of interest several decades ago when well-defined clusters were observed in supersonic expansions that could be investigated using mass spectrometers. The advent of the laser provided a new dimension, enabling detailed spectroscopic observations through the probing of systems of varying size and degree of solvation. Modern interest derives from recognition that interrogating clusters provides a way of studying the energetics and dynamics of intermediate states of matter as cluster systems evolve from the gas toward the condensed state. Herein, we endeavor to highlight some of the significant advances which have been made during the past several decades that have led to a nearly explosive growth of interest in the field of cluster science. Finally, we conclude that the field will continue to expand through interests in basic phenomena, as well as through numerous applications of cluster research to fields ranging from catalysis to the quest for new cluster-assembled materials.

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“…Water was used to produce HO-reactant ions (8), and helium was used as the collision gas. Details are provided in the experimental section.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Is the collision induced loss of ethene from the (M – H⁺)⁻ ion of butyrophenone a γ-hydrogen rearrangement?

Stringer¹,

Underwood²,

Bowie³

et al. 1986

Can. J. Chem.

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Can. J. Chem. 64, 764 (1986). The (M -H+)-ion of butyrophenone undergoes the following reactions on collisional activation: losses of CH3', CH,, (C,HSe), C2H4, C3H7', (CO + CH4), together with formation of C6H5-and C4HSO-. Labelling studies (13C and ' H) show that the losses of CH<, C3H7' and the formation of C6H5-and C4HSO-are specific and occur without hydrogen scrambling. All other reactions involve prior or accompanying hydrogen rearrangement. In particular, the loss of CzH4 is very complex: it involves loss of ethyl carbon atoms, but all hydrogen atoms are involved via specific rearrangement reactions. The phenyl-alkyl H rearrangements which are noted for this process occur after collisional activation of the (M -H+)-ion.

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Bridging the gap between the gas phase and solution: transition in the kinetics of acid-base reactions

Cited by 34 publications

References 1 publication

The gas phase reactivity of chloronium ions by high pressure mass spectroscopy

The gas phase reactivity of chloronium ions by high pressure mass spectroscopy

Clusters: Structure, Energetics, and Dynamics of Intermediate States of Matter

Is the collision induced loss of ethene from the (M – H⁺)⁻ ion of butyrophenone a γ-hydrogen rearrangement?

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Bridging the gap between the gas phase and solution: transition in the kinetics of acid-base reactions

Cited by 34 publications

References 1 publication

The gas phase reactivity of chloronium ions by high pressure mass spectroscopy

The gas phase reactivity of chloronium ions by high pressure mass spectroscopy

Clusters: Structure, Energetics, and Dynamics of Intermediate States of Matter

Is the collision induced loss of ethene from the (M – H+)− ion of butyrophenone a γ-hydrogen rearrangement?

Contact Info

Product

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Is the collision induced loss of ethene from the (M – H⁺)⁻ ion of butyrophenone a γ-hydrogen rearrangement?