BRIEF REPORT Factor Structure of the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Exam (COGNISTAT) in Healthy, and Psychiatrically and Neurologically Impaired, Elderly Adults

Engelhart, Charles; Eisenstein, Norman; Johnson, Velisa M.; Wolf, Janine; Williamson, Jeffrey G.; Steitz, David W.; Girard, Vincent; Paramatmuni, K; Ouzounian, N; Losonczy, Miklos B

doi:10.1076/clin.13.1.109.1975

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“… Functional limitation of the jaw: JFLS (17, 18), and Mandibular Functional Impairment Questionnaire (37); Overuse behaviours of the jaw: Oral Behaviours Checklist (OBC) (see Study 4); General dimensions of distress: General Health Questionnaire‐28 (22), and SCL‐90R (14); Depression: Center for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression (21); Anxiety: State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (38); Stress: Perceived Stress Scale‐10 (39); Pain quality: McGill Pain Questionnaire (40); Sleep quality: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (41); Health‐related quality of life: Short Form‐12 version 2 (25); Pain‐disability: Multidimensional Pain Inventory (23, 24), and Graded Chronic Pain Scale for 1 month (adaptation of the existing scale, requires validation); Explanation of illness: Explanatory Model Scale (unpublished); Personality: Structured Clinical Interview for DSM: Personality Disorders (42–44); Mental status: Neurobehavioural Cognitive Status Examination (45, 46). …”

Section: Methods and Results Of Axis II Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and further development of RDC/TMD Axis II biobehavioural instruments: a research programme progress report

Ohrbach

2010

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation

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A symposium was held in Toronto, 2008, in which research progress regarding the biobehavioral dimension of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) was presented. An extended workshop was held April 2009 in which further recommendations were made from an expert panel, using the 2008 symposium material as a base. This paper is a summary of the 2008 symposium proceedings with elaborations based on further developments. Seven studies were conducted between 2001 and 2008, in which the following were investigated: (a) basic properties of Axis II instruments, (b) reliability and criterion validity of Axis II instruments, (c) expansion of predictors, (d) metric equivalence of the depression and non-specific physical symptoms subscales in the RDC/TMD, (e) laboratory investigation of oral behaviors, (f) field data collection of oral behaviors, and (g) functional limitation of the jaw. Methods and results for each of these studies are described. Based on the results of these studies that have been published, as well as the direction of interim results from the few studies that await completion and publication, the biobehavioral domain of the RDC/TMD, as published in 1992, is reliable and valid. These results also provide strong evidence supporting the future growth of the biobehavioral domain as the RDC/TMD matures into subsequent protocols for both clinical and research applications.

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Section: Methods and Results Of Axis II Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and further development of RDC/TMD Axis II biobehavioural instruments: a research programme progress report

Ohrbach

2010

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation

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“…The language section has four separate subsections: spontaneous speech, comprehension, repetition, and naming. This standardized test was administered by a research physical therapist to screen the cognitive ability of potential subjects [8].…”

Section: Cognitive Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stepping over obstacles to improve walking in individuals with poststroke hemiplegia

Jaffe

Brown²,

Pierson-Carey³

et al. 2004

JRRD

213

191

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For this study, we evaluated two training interventions for improving gait parameters in individuals with poststroke hemiplegia using a training methodology that required them to step over objects. Gait velocity, step length, ability to step over obstacles, and walking endurance were compared before and after 2 weeks of training and 2 weeks after cessation of training. Twenty subjects with poststroke hemiplegia completed six intervention sessions in which they were asked to step over either virtual objects while walking on a motorized treadmill or real foam objects on a 10 m walkway. With the virtual object training, if either foot collided with the virtual object, a tone sounded and a vibrotactile stimulus was applied to the colliding foot. All subjects tolerated the training sessions well, and no incidences of falling or undue cardiovascular responses occurred. The virtual obstacle training generated greater improvements in gait velocity compared with real training (20.5% vs. 12.2% improvement) during the fast walk test (p < 0.01). Improvements in gait velocity for both training methods were similar in the self-selected walk test (33.3% vs. 34.7% improvement). Overall, subjects showed clinically meaningful changes in gait velocity, stride length, walking endurance, and obstacle clearance capacity as a result of either training method. These changes persisted for 2 weeks posttraining. The inclusion of enhanced safety and visual augmentation may be responsible for the effectiveness of the virtual object intervention. These results demonstrate preliminary evidence for clinical effectiveness of obstacle training for improving gait velocity poststroke. In addition, these results provide evidence for enhanced clinical performance with virtual obstacle training.Abbreviations: CVA = cerebrovascular accident, HIV = human immunodeficiency virus, MS = multiple sclerosis, OG = real obstacle training, SCI = spinal cord injury, SD = standard deviation, SS = self-selected pace, VA = Department of Veterans Affairs, VR = virtual obstacle training, VRSL = Virtual Reality Scripting Language.

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“…Our study also considered the test structure of the Cognistat through PCA. Our results support previous reports concerning the Cognistat as having a two factor structure (Chan et al ., ; Engelhart et al ., ; Man et al ., ). Six of the subscales loaded onto one factor with the remaining four subscales onto a second factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, questions have been raised in the literature about whether or not the Cognistat score represents a single construct; the Cognistat was originally developed to provide a global estimate of differentiated cognitive functioning. Factor analyses have found the 10 individual cognitive subscales to load onto two or three independent factors in samples of healthy elderly, stroke and other neurologically impaired patient populations (Chan, Lee, Fong, Lee & Wong, 2002;Engelhart et al, 1999;Man, Tam & Hui-Chan, 2006;Mitrushina, Abara & Blumenfeld, 1994). Differences in factor structure findings raise concerns regarding the Cognistat's construct validity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cognistat (neurobehavioural cognitive status exam): Administering the full test in stroke patients for optimal results

Rice

Campbell

Friedman

et al. 2015

Aus Occup Therapy J

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Our findings confirm that occupational therapists should administer the full Cognistat to stroke patients rather than the original screen-metric approach. A two-factor structure was also supported in our results, suggesting that occupational therapists' scoring practices should reflect this finding and use the differentiated score out of 10 rather than a global sum. However, additional research is necessary to consider the clinical and theoretical significance of the Cognistats' subscale clustering.

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BRIEF REPORT Factor Structure of the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Exam (COGNISTAT) in Healthy, and Psychiatrically and Neurologically Impaired, Elderly Adults

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment and further development of RDC/TMD Axis II biobehavioural instruments: a research programme progress report

Assessment and further development of RDC/TMD Axis II biobehavioural instruments: a research programme progress report

Stepping over obstacles to improve walking in individuals with poststroke hemiplegia

The Cognistat (neurobehavioural cognitive status exam): Administering the full test in stroke patients for optimal results

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