Broadband Detection of Environmental Neurotoxicants

Pancrazio, Joseph J.

doi:10.1021/ac071994f

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Therefore, there is a natural concern regarding substances that are accessible, and thus easily obtained and exploited by humans for terrorism intent. As a result, such substances are listed as significantly more threatening and require state-of-the-art detection capabilities (Pancrazio, 2007).…”

Section: ⅰ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of recently reported Ricin detection techniques focusing on combined immunoassay detection with abrin and saxitoxin in human plasma

Kang,

Kim,

Churchill

et al. 2023

J. Adv. Mil. Stud.

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Increasing non-traditional threats from biological or chemical weapons, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) have tried to perform the preliminary analysis of biotoxin sample to standardize analysis methods and strengthen analytical capabilities among OPCW member countries. With the changes of new analysis, ROK CBRN Defense Research Institute (CDRI) established enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and cytotoxicity analysis methods for ricin, abrin, and saxitoxin through the OPCW exercise on Biotoxin sample analysis. Thus, this study aims to established analytical methods (ELISA and cytotoxicity analysis) for the biological toxins called ricin, abrin and saxitoxin according to recent OPCW Biotoxin detection exercise. In particular, to refine practical and effective methods of biological analysis, we reviewed recent research on scientific analysis of ricin as a potential bioterror weapon, letter with ricin sent in White House, and suggested future agendas for preparedness testing.

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Section: ⅰ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of recently reported Ricin detection techniques focusing on combined immunoassay detection with abrin and saxitoxin in human plasma

Kang,

Kim,

Churchill

et al. 2023

J. Adv. Mil. Stud.

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“…This chemical selectivity of the sensors is highly desirable when it comes to “identification” of the agents. However, sensors of this kind with a high degree of selectivity or discriminatory power suffer significant limitations when used as an “early warning” test method or a broad spectrum screening tool [7,8]. On the contrary, CBBs with the ability to “sense” a broad-range of analytes in a single assay have the ability to conform to challenges associated with emerging pathogens and unknown or little-known toxins which current detection methods (that depend on known chemical characteristics or molecular recognition of target organisms, toxins or substances) are unable to handle [3,4,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotoxin Detection Using Cell-Based Sensors

Banerjee

Kintzios

Prabhakarpandian

2013

Toxins

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Cell-based biosensors (CBBs) utilize the principles of cell-based assays (CBAs) by employing living cells for detection of different analytes from environment, food, clinical, or other sources. For toxin detection, CBBs are emerging as unique alternatives to other analytical methods. The main advantage of using CBBs for probing biotoxins and toxic agents is that CBBs respond to the toxic exposures in the manner related to actual physiologic responses of the vulnerable subjects. The results obtained from CBBs are based on the toxin-cell interactions, and therefore, reveal functional information (such as mode of action, toxic potency, bioavailability, target tissue or organ, etc.) about the toxin. CBBs incorporate both prokaryotic (bacteria) and eukaryotic (yeast, invertebrate and vertebrate) cells. To create CBB devices, living cells are directly integrated onto the biosensor platform. The sensors report the cellular responses upon exposures to toxins and the resulting cellular signals are transduced by secondary transducers generating optical or electrical signals outputs followed by appropriate read-outs. Examples of the layout and operation of cellular biosensors for detection of selected biotoxins are summarized.

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“…Cell-based biosensors (CBBs) are promising tools for environmental monitoring [1][2][3], biosecurity applications and rapid diagnostics [4][5][6]. There are several advantages of using CBBs over the use of molecular-based biosensors or living animals [7][8][9][10][11][12]. A major advantage of using living cells is that the effect of external stimuli can be studied by monitoring response of cells which better mimic physiological situations [2,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-throughput label-free cell-based biosensor (CBB) system

Moon

Hefner

et al. 2010

SPIE Proceedings

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Cell-based biosensors (CBBs) have important applications in biosecurity and rapid diagnostics. Current CBB technologies have challenges including cell immobilization on the sensors, high throughput fabrication and portability, and rapid detection of responses to environmental changes. We address these challenges by developing an integrated CBB platform that merges cell printing technology, a lensless charge-coupled device (CCD) imaging system, and custom-developed cell image processing software. Cell printing was used to immobilize cells within hydrogel droplets and pattern these droplets on a microfluidic chip. The CCD was used to detect the morphological response of the immobilized cells to external stimuli (e.g., environmental temperature change) using lensless shadow images. The morphological information can be also detected by sensing a small disturbance in cell alignment, i.e., minor alignment changes of smooth muscles cells on the biosensors. The automatic cell alignment quantification software was used to process the cell images (microscopic image was used as an example) and calculate the cell orientation in seconds. The same images were also manually processed as a control to validate and characterize the integrated platform functionality. The results showed software can measure the cell morphology (i.e., orientation) in an automated way without the need for labeling (e.g., florescent staining). Such an integrated CBB system will allow fabrication of CBBs at high throughput as well as rapidly monitor and measure morphological cellular responses.

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Broadband Detection of Environmental Neurotoxicants

Cited by 18 publications

References 49 publications

Review of recently reported Ricin detection techniques focusing on combined immunoassay detection with abrin and saxitoxin in human plasma

Review of recently reported Ricin detection techniques focusing on combined immunoassay detection with abrin and saxitoxin in human plasma

Biotoxin Detection Using Cell-Based Sensors

A high-throughput label-free cell-based biosensor (CBB) system

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