Bronchial Reactivity to Cigarette and Cigar Smoke

Robertson, D. G.; Warrell, David A.; Newton-Howes, J.; Fletcher, C. M.

doi:10.1136/bmj.3.5665.269

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This conforms with the findings of Carson, Goldhamer, Mackars, and Silson (1965), who found that the increase of airways resistance in guinea-pigs exposed to cigarette smoke could be reduced by either carbon or cellulose acetate filters. Our findings of a reduction of response to smoking from a simple cellulose acetate filter have been confirmed by Robertson, Warrell, Newton-Howes, and Fletcher (1969), who also showed that a filter with higher retention efficiency reduced the response more than one with a lower efficiency.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Changes in airways conductance on smoking a cigarette: A study of repeatability and of the effect of particulate and vapour phase filters

Clarke¹,

Guyatt²,

Alpers³

et al. 1970

Thorax

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Measurements of airways conductance using a body plethysmograph were made on 25 men before and after smoking one cigarette on each of four days and before and after a control period without smoking on another day. The repeatability of these measurements and of the bronchoconstrictor effect of smoking was studied. The variance was as great as that observed in a previous field study in industry despite close supervision and a stable environment before the measurements. We think this variation is due to random fluctuation rather than to the lack of close supervision inevitable in a field survey.A second study was made on 16 of the men in which the bronchoconstrictor effect of plain and filtered cigarettes was compared. Filters which removed either the particulate or the vapour phase of the smoke had a similar effect in reducing the bronchoconstrictor response of cigarette smoking.Guyatt, Berry, Alpers, Bramley, and Fletcher (1970) reported a field study in which measurements of airways conductance were made with the body plethysmograph on a large number of working men before and after smoking a cigarette. They related these changes to smoking habits and symptoms of bronchitis. They found considerable variation in repeat measurements and suggested that this might have been due to the men having been studied during the course of their day's work which precluded careful control of their activities and environment immediately before the measurements were made. It (McKerrow, McDermott, and Gilson, 1960) according to the technique described by Freedman and Prowse (1966).Airways conductance (Gaw) and thoracic gas volume (Vtg) were measured by the method of DuBois. Botelho, and Comroe (1956) using a body plethysmograph housed in a caravan trailer (Guyatt.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Changes in airways conductance on smoking a cigarette: A study of repeatability and of the effect of particulate and vapour phase filters

Clarke¹,

Guyatt²,

Alpers³

et al. 1970

Thorax

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“…Considering the complexity of cigarette smoke, it is a simplistic assumption to concentrate on only three ingredients: particulates (ash), tar and nicotine. This stems from the convic tion that the response to cigarette smoke is an 'irritant' response, mostly mediated through some particulate matter [1,2,21]. In a recent study of airway response to identical cigarettes, one filtered, one unfil tered, we showed a greater increase in air way resistance after smoking the high tar cigarette [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The bronchoconstrictor effect of ciga rette smoke has been well established by many studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. It is characterized by an increase in Raw and a small drop in FEF30.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Airways Response to Inhaled Tobacco Smoke: Time Course, Dose Dependence and Effect of Volume History

Silva¹,

Hamosh²

1981

Respiration

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We have measured puff by puff the effect of smoking three brands of cigarettes with different composition on airways resistance (Raw) thoracic gas volume (TGV) and the maximal expiratory flow volume (MEFV) curve. Raw increased significantly with all three brands of cigarettes after one puff. The maximum effect was reached after three puffs. Instantaneous flow at 50% of vital capacity (FEF₅₀) decreased significantly with cigarettes high in nicotine content, but not so after smoking a low nicotine (0.31 mg) cigarette. Instantaneous flow at 75% of vital capacity out (FEF₇₅) increased significantly 30 min after the low nicotine cigarette was smoked. A deep inspiration prior to Raw determination reduced by approximately one third the bronchoconstrictor effect of cigarette smoke. All effects were reversible within 30 min, except the delayed effect of the low nicotine cigarette on the FEF₇₅. We conclude that the probable site of action of tobacco smoke is in the large and central airways. The bronchoconstrictor effect rapidly reaches a plateau. A delayed bronchodilation of the small airways observed after smoking the low nicotine cigarette might represent a response usually masked by other long-acting components in smoke. We suggest that the airway response to tobacco smoke is complex and probably a result of several components present in smoke which still have to be identified

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“…Several workers have found significant responses in a minority. [17][18][19][20][21][22] In those studies in which responses have been more common, deliberate, deep inhalations of cigarette smoke have often been used.47-9 Apart from the dose and type of cigarette smoke used, the timing of measurements in relation to smoke inhalation has varied. Nadel and Comroe found a decrease in sGaw within one minute of the start of smoking a cigarette, with a decay of the observed response over 10-40 minutes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immediate response to cigarette smoke.

Rees¹,

Chowienczyk²,

Clark³

1982

Thorax

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Using an automated method of calculating airways resistance in the body plethysmograph, we have investigated changes occurring immediately after inhalation of cigarette smoke. Decreases in specific conductance occurred by the time of the first measurement seven or eight seconds after exposure to single inhalations of cigarette smoke in 12 smokers and 12 nonsmokers. Less than half of the initial change was present 40 seconds after the inhalation. Initial responses were greater in the non-smokers. Responses recurred with repeated inhalations in smokers and non-smokers. Prior administration of salbutamol and ipratropium bromide significantly inhibited the response and this inhibition appeared to be greater in non-smokers. Sodium cromoglycate inhaled as a dry powder had no effect on the response.

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Bronchial Reactivity to Cigarette and Cigar Smoke

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Changes in airways conductance on smoking a cigarette: A study of repeatability and of the effect of particulate and vapour phase filters

Changes in airways conductance on smoking a cigarette: A study of repeatability and of the effect of particulate and vapour phase filters

Airways Response to Inhaled Tobacco Smoke: Time Course, Dose Dependence and Effect of Volume History

Immediate response to cigarette smoke.

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