Bronchiectasis

Aogáin, Micheál Mac; Chalmers, James D.; Chotirmall, Sanjay H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87104-8_7

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…aureus and, less commonly, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ( figure 2a ) [ 28 – 32 ]. Additionally, the role of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in bronchiectasis is increasingly recognised, indicating a potential sub-phenotype of the disease that warrants further study and understanding [ 1 , 33 ].…”

Section: Infections In Bronchiectasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparable patterns are observed when comparing bacteriomes with inflammatory markers including increased levels of neutrophil-associated proteins such as NE, NETs, MPO (myeloperoxidase) or ELANE (elastase, neutrophil expressed) detected in individuals with Pseudomonadota- or Pseudomonas -dominated bacteriomes that predispose to increased sputum production and persistence of bacteria-related biofilms [ 18 , 51 , 58 , 140 , 141 ]. NTM are increasingly recognised in bronchiectasis, inducing cavitary, infiltrative and nodular lung diseases, particularly in patients with underlying pulmonary abnormalities [ 1 , 33 , 142 ]. The role of NTM, including species such as Mycobacterium avium complex, the most prevalent NTM, followed by Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium chelonae , is crucial, particularly given the significant challenges in their detection [ 43 , 143 ].…”

Section: The Microbiome In Bronchiectasismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infection and the microbiome in bronchiectasis

Mac Aogáin,

Dicker,

Mertsch

et al. 2024

Eur Respir Rev

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Bronchiectasis is marked by bronchial dilatation, recurrent infections and significant morbidity, underpinned by a complex interplay between microbial dysbiosis and immune dysregulation. The identification of distinct endophenotypes have refined our understanding of its pathogenesis, including its heterogeneous disease mechanisms that influence treatment and prognosis responses. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionised the way we view airway microbiology, allowing insights into the “unculturable”. Understanding the bronchiectasis microbiome through targeted amplicon sequencing and/or shotgun metagenomics has provided key information on the interplay of the microbiome and host immunity, a central feature of disease progression. The rapid increase in translational and clinical studies in bronchiectasis now provides scope for the application of precision medicine and a better understanding of the efficacy of interventions aimed at restoring microbial balance and/or modulating immune responses. Holistic integration of these insights is driving an evolving paradigm shift in our understanding of bronchiectasis, which includes the critical role of the microbiome and its unique interplay with clinical, inflammatory, immunological and metabolic factors. Here, we review the current state of infection and the microbiome in bronchiectasis and provide views on the future directions in this field.

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