Brown Adipose Tissue, Adiposity, and Metabolic Profile in Preschool Children

Tint, Mya Thway; Michael, Navin; Sadananthan, Suresh Anand; Huang, Jonathan; Khoo, Chin Meng; Godfrey, Keith M.; Lek, Ngee; Tan, Kok Hian; Yap, Fabian; Velan, S. Sendhil; Gluckman, Peter D.; Chong, Yap Seng; Karnani, Neerja; Chan, Shiao Yng; Leow, Melvin Khee–Shing; Lee, Kuan J.; Lee, Yung Seng; Hu, Houchun H.; Zhang, Cuilin; Fortier, Marielle V.; Eriksson, Johan G.

doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab447

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…With an increase in age, BAT in rodents showed volume atrophy and mitochondrial function decline. Studies have shown that activated BAT is associated with lower body mass index in preschool children [ 26 ], but no sufficient evidence has demonstrated the relationship between BAT and total fat mass in the elderly. Our study found that BAT mass is unconcerned with total fat mass in elderly SAMP8 mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Nucleotides Improved the Oxidative Stress and Sirt-1 Protein Level of Brown Adipose Tissue on Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone-8 (SAMP8) Mice

Wang

Wei

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is of great importance in rodents for maintaining their core temperature via non-shivering thermogenesis in the mitochondria. BAT′s thermogenic function has been shown to decline with age. The activation of adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase/sirtuin-1 (AMPK/Sirt-1) is effective in regulating mitochondrial function. Exogenous nucleotides (NTs) are regulatory factors in many biological processes. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), which is a derivative of NTs, is widely known as a Sirt-1 activator in liver and muscle, but the effect of NMN and NTs on aging BAT has not been studied before. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of NTs on aging senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (SAMP8) mice. Senescence-accelerated mouse resistant 1 (SAMR1) mice were set as the model control group and NMN was used as the positive control. Male, 3 month old SAMP8 mice were divided into the SAMP8-normal chow (SAMP8-NC), SAMP8-young-normal chow (SAMP8-young-NC), NMN, NTs-free, NTs-low, NTs-medium, and NTs-high groups for long-term feeding. After 9 months of intervention, interscapular BAT was collected for experiments. Compared to the SAMP8-NC, the body weight and BAT mass were significantly improved in the NT-treated aging SAMP8 mice. NT supplementation had effects on oxidative stress in BAT. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced and that of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased significantly. Meanwhile, the expression of the brown adipocyte markers uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactlvator-1α (PGC-1α), and PR domain zinc finger protein 16 (PRDM16) were upregulated. The upregulated proteins may be activated via the Sirt-1 pathway. Thus, NT supplementation may be helpful to improve the thermogenesis of BAT by reducing oxidative stress and activating the Sirt-1 pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Nucleotides Improved the Oxidative Stress and Sirt-1 Protein Level of Brown Adipose Tissue on Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone-8 (SAMP8) Mice

Wang

Wei

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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“…Adipose tissue composition and localization also differs by sex, and even in utero and at birth greater total fat mass in females is already apparent. Furthermore, females typically have a higher proportion of brown adipose tissue than males ( 34 ). These fundamental biological sex differences may contribute to the different mother-offspring relationships observed in sons and daughters if adipose tissue morphology and biology in males and females are differentially programmed by early life exposures, as has been suggested in some animal studies ( 35 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent-Offspring Associations in Body Composition: Findings From the Southampton Women's Survey Prospective Cohort Study

Moon

D’Angelo

Holroyd

et al. 2023

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

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Context Children born to parents who are overweight or obese have a high risk of adult obesity, but it is unclear if transgenerational associations relating to unfavorable body composition differ by parent. Objective To examine differential mother-offspring and father-offspring associations in body composition in early childhood. Methods A total of 240 mother-father-offspring trios from a prospective UK population-based pre-birth cohort (Southampton Women's Survey) were included for anthropometry and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry assessment of whole-body-less-head body composition in the offspring at 3 different ages (4, 6-7, and 8-9 years) and in the mother and father at the 8- to 9-year offspring visit. Associations were assessed using linear regression adjusting for the other parent. Results Positive associations between mother-daughter body mass index (BMI) and fat mass were observed at ages 6 to 7 (BMI: β = .29 SD/SD, 95% CI = .10, .48; fat mass β = .27 SD/SD, 95% CI = .05, .48) and 8 to 9 years (BMI: β = .33 SD/SD, 95% CI = .13, .54; fat mass β = .31 SD/SD, 95% CI = .12, .49), with similar associations at age 4 years but bounding the 95% CI. The mother-son, father-son, and father-daughter associations for BMI and fat mass were weaker at each of the ages studied. Conclusion A strong association between the fat mass of mothers and their daughters but not their sons was observed. In contrast, father-offspring body composition associations were not evident. The dimorphic parent-offspring effects suggest particular attention should be given to early prevention of unfavorable body composition in girls born to mothers with excess adiposity.

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“…Studies found that higher BAT mass in individuals is associated with cardiometabolic health [880][881][882][883].…”

Section: Thermogenesis and Batmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Dynamics in the Metabolic Syndrome: Underpinnings of an Evolving Global Catastrophe

Thorp,

Thorp

2024

G Med Sci

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In this article we describe the dynamic aspects of MetS and show the systemic nexus of derangements that occur in conjunction with insulin resistance (IR). But IR is not the primary problem and insulin, alas, is but an innocent bystander. In previous works we document the presence of an organized energy field taking origin in the blood through the contraction and dilation cycles of the heart. In the final analysis IR is secondary to a defect in the generation and availability of blood-borne energy. This is to say that all aspects of MetS and all ensuing states of organ dysfunction are manifestations of a progressing and cumulative energy deficit. On this basis it only stands to reason that all attempts at remediation must be aimed toward enhancing energy generation and flow in the blood.

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Brown Adipose Tissue, Adiposity, and Metabolic Profile in Preschool Children

Cited by 11 publications

References 42 publications

Exogenous Nucleotides Improved the Oxidative Stress and Sirt-1 Protein Level of Brown Adipose Tissue on Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone-8 (SAMP8) Mice

Exogenous Nucleotides Improved the Oxidative Stress and Sirt-1 Protein Level of Brown Adipose Tissue on Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone-8 (SAMP8) Mice

Parent-Offspring Associations in Body Composition: Findings From the Southampton Women's Survey Prospective Cohort Study

Energy Dynamics in the Metabolic Syndrome: Underpinnings of an Evolving Global Catastrophe

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