Brucellosis associated with stillbirth in a bottlenose dolphin in Australia

Jt, Mackie; Blyde, David; Harris, Lauren; Roe, WD; Keyburn, Anthony L.

doi:10.1111/avj.12903

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Brucella sp. have been identified in the reproductive organs of both male and female cetaceans, and have been associated with abortions and stillbirths in bottlenose dolphins [ 6 , 15 , 17 , 18 ] and dwarf sperm whales ( Kogia sima ) [ 19 ]. Brucella sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Detection of Marine Origin Brucella Exposure in Two Alaska Beluga Stocks

Thompson

Goertz

Quakenbush

et al. 2022

Animals

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Among emerging threats to the Arctic is the introduction, spread, or resurgence of disease. Marine brucellosis is an emerging disease concern among free-ranging cetaceans and is less well-studied than terrestrial forms. To investigate marine-origin Brucella sp. exposure in two beluga stocks in Alaska, USA, this study used serological status as well as real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR) and bacterial culture. In total, 55 live-captured–released belugas were tested for Brucella exposure in Bristol Bay (2008–2016) and 112 (8 live-captured; 104 subsistence-harvested) whales were tested in the eastern Chukchi Sea (2007–2017). In total, 73% percent of Bristol Bay live captures, 50% of Chukchi Sea live captures, and 66% of Chukchi Sea harvested belugas were positive on serology. Only 10 of 69 seropositive belugas were rtPCR positive in at least one tissue. Only one seropositive animal was PCR positive in both the spleen and mesenteric lymph node. All animals tested were culture negative. The high prevalence of seropositivity detected suggests widespread exposure in both stocks, however, the low level of rtPCR and culture positive results suggests clinical brucellosis was not prevalent in the belugas surveyed. Continued detection of Brucella exposure supports the need for long-term monitoring of these and other beluga populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Detection of Marine Origin Brucella Exposure in Two Alaska Beluga Stocks

Thompson

Goertz

Quakenbush

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…For over 3 decades, Brucella has been detected in captive and free-ranging dolphin populations across the globe, with its abortive potential widely known (Ross et al 1994, Ewalt et al 1994, Miller et al 1999, Guzmán-Verri et al 2012, Colegrove et al 2016a, Buckle et al 2017, Mackie et al 2020. This is not dissimilar to other Brucella species, where abortions and reproductive tract tropism are common (Olsen & Palmer 2014).…”

Section: St 27-associated Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strains are not family-or even order-specific; as an example, ST 27 has been isolated in California sea lions (Whatmore et al 2017), and ST 23 and ST 26 have been detected in both cetacean sub-orders Mysticeti and Odontoceti (Davison et al 2017(Davison et al , 2021. Strains within the ST 27 cluster have been identified in multiple bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus stranded along the east and west coast of the USA, in a single bottlenose dolphin in the northern Adriatic sea, in Hector's dolphins Cephalorhynchus hectori on the coast of New Zealand, and most recently in an aborted captive bottlenose dolphin on the east coast of Australia and a stranded dwarf sperm whale cow/aborted calf along the central Pacific coast (Whatmore et al 2008, Wu et al 2014, Cvetnić et al 2016, Buckle et al 2017, Mackie et al 2020, Hernández-Mora et al 2021. ST 26 has been identified in dolphins and whales from the Mediterranean, North American, Central Pacific, and Scottish coasts (Ma quart et al 2009, Alba et al 2013, Davison et al 2021, Hernández-Mora et al 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucella ceti sequence type 23, 26, and 27 infections in North American cetaceans

et al. 2022

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Brucella ceti infection is associated with a variety of disease outcomes in cetaceans globally. Multiple genotypes of B. ceti have been identified. This retrospective aimed to determine if specific lesions were associated with different B. ceti DNA sequence types (STs). Characterization of ST was performed on 163 samples from 88 free-ranging cetaceans, including common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus (T.t.; n = 73), common short-beaked dolphin Delphinus delphis (D.d.; n = 7), striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba (n = 3), Pacific white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens (n = 2), sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus (n = 2), and harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena (n = 1), that stranded along the coast of the US mainland and Hawaii. ST was determined using a previously described insertion sequence 711 quantitative PCR. Concordance with 9-locus multi-locus sequence typing was assessed in a subset of samples (n = 18). ST 26 was most commonly identified in adult dolphins along the US east coast with non-suppurative meningoencephalitis (p = 0.009). Animals infected with ST 27 were predominately perinates that were aborted or died shortly after birth with evidence of in utero pneumonia (p = 0.035). Reproductive tract inflammation and meningoencephalitis were also observed in adult T.t. and D.d. with ST 27, though low sample size limited interpretation. ST 23 infections can cause disease in cetacean families other than porpoises (Phocoenidae), including neurobrucellosis in D.d. In total, 11 animals were potentially infected with multiple STs. These data indicate differences in pathogenesis among B. ceti STs in free-ranging cetaceans, and infection with multiple STs is possible.

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“…Most marine Brucella sp. isolates have been isolated from European and North American waters, and strains were not isolated from marine mammals in Asian or Oceanian waters until the late 2010s ( 2 , 4 – 6 ).…”

Section: Announcementmentioning

confidence: 99%