Brucellosis in Iran: Why Not Eradicated?

Leylabadlo, Hamed Ebrahimzadeh; Bialvaei, Abed Zahedi; Kafil, Hossein Samadi

doi:10.1093/cid/civ646

Cited by 24 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Overall, our work indicates that routine health service activities cannot control brucellosis in the nomadic population in this region, and that a well-integrated surveillance system is needed. This finding is supported by evidence from other studies [8, 15, 16, 29]. Annual active screening for brucellosis in nomadic populations is recommended before the establishment of a surveillance system.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Brucellosis has a very broad range of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic infection to a serious debilitating disease with diverse complications; therefore its diagnosis may be challenging [7,12]. In Iran, brucellosis is an endemic disease, and despite improvement in its control, 16 000 cases of this disease are reported each year [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brucellosis as a neglected disease in a neglected population: a seroepidemiological study of migratory nomads in the Fars province of Iran

et al. 2016

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This study assessed the seroprevalence of brucellosis and its risk factors in migratory nomads in the Fars province of Iran. Active brucellosis was defined as the combination of clinical symptoms, including fever, chills, night sweats, headache, low back pain, arthralgia, or myalgia, and positive laboratory testing, including either a serum agglutination test (SAT) ⩾1:80 with a 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) test ⩾1:40, or a SAT <1:80 combined with a positive Coombs Wright test (CWT) at a titre of at least threefold higher than SAT titre results. For the 536 participants, the female (316, 59%) to male (220, 41%) ratio was 1·4 and the participants' mean age was 32·4 ± 18·9 (range 1-96) years. Of all participants, 325 (60·6%) showed clinical symptoms; in symptomatic participants, the Rose Bengal plate test was positive in 33 (6·1%) cases, the SAT was positive in 18 (3·3%) cases, and the 2-ME test was positive in 30 (5·5%) cases. Positive SAT and 2-ME results were seen in 18 (3·3%) cases, but a negative SAT and a positive CWT were found in 36 (6·7%) cases. As a result, active brucellosis was detected in 54 cases, indicating a prevalence of 10% (95% confidence interval 8-12). In conclusion, we determined that brucellosis is a prevalent yet neglected disease in this nomadic population. Brucellosis control is not possible as long as these high-risk populations remain neglected.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucellosis as a neglected disease in a neglected population: a seroepidemiological study of migratory nomads in the Fars province of Iran

et al. 2016

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“…Despite animal vaccination, brucellosis remains endemic in countries in the eastern Mediterranean region, including Iran (1-3). A high incidence of brucellosis has been reported in Hamadan Province, west of Iran (4,5). Human brucellosis is most commonly diagnosed by serological methods such as standard tube agglutination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Diagnostic Aspects of Brucellosis and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Brucella</i> Isolates in Hamedan, Iran

et al. 2017

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“…Brucellosis is usually acquired after consumption of contaminated foods, especially dairy products, nonpasteurized or after occupational exposure to infected animals [3,4]. The prevalence of the disease is very high in Iran [5], Turkey [6], and India [7,8]. Vaccination of livestock by conventional attenuated strains, the B. melitensis Rev-1 and B. abortus S19, is the main strategy for controlling the disease in animals but could not protect humans against the disease [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant Omp2b antigen-based ELISA is an efficient tool for specific serodiagnosis of animal brucellosis

et al. 2019

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Control of brucellosis as a worldwide zoonotic disease is based on vaccination of animals and diagnosis of infected cases to be eradicated. Accurate and rapid detection of infected animals is of critical importance for preventing the spread of disease. Current detection of brucellosis is based on whole-cell antigens and investigating serum antibodies against Brucella lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The critical disadvantage is misdiagnosis of vaccinated animals as infected ones and also cross-reactions with other Gramnegative bacteria. Recombinant outer membrane protein 2b (Omp2b) of Brucella abortus was evaluated as a novel serodiagnostic target in comparison to conventional tests which are based on LPS. Recombinant Omp2b (rOmp2b) was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 and purified by Ni 2+-based chromatography. rOmp2b was evaluated in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system for diagnosis of brucellosis, with sera from Brucella-infected mice along with negative sera and sera from mice which were inoculated with other Gram-negative species for assurance of specificity. Thereafter, cattle sera collected from different regions were assessed along with known negative and known positive serum samples. We found that Omp2b can discriminate between Brucella-infected animals and non-infected ones. Results for assessment of two hundred and fifty cattle sera by Omp2b-based indirect ELISA which were compared to Rose Bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) and serum tube agglutination test (SAT) showed that our proposed procedure has the sensitivity of 88.5%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 90.8%. We suggest that recombinant Omp2b could be used as a protein antigen for diagnosis of brucellosis in domestic animals and can be evaluated for detection of human brucellosis.

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Brucellosis in Iran: Why Not Eradicated?

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

Brucellosis as a neglected disease in a neglected population: a seroepidemiological study of migratory nomads in the Fars province of Iran

Brucellosis as a neglected disease in a neglected population: a seroepidemiological study of migratory nomads in the Fars province of Iran

Clinical and Diagnostic Aspects of Brucellosis and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Brucella</i> Isolates in Hamedan, Iran

Recombinant Omp2b antigen-based ELISA is an efficient tool for specific serodiagnosis of animal brucellosis

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