Brush technique in ocular surface cytology

Yaǵmur, Meltem; Ersöz, Canan; Ersöz, Taner; Varinli, Seyhan

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0339(199708)17:2<88::aid-dc2>3.0.co;2-k

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Samples for cytological examinations can be collected from ocular surface by scraping (swabs or cytobrush) and impression smears (7,9,10,17,20,35). It has been reported that the nylonbristled cytobrush is used to obtain the best diagnostic sample (36). The cytobrush technique has the advantages such as increased total number of cells, acquisition of cells from deeper layers with less intervention, high quality cell morphology, and reduced cell overlapping (11,36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that the nylonbristled cytobrush is used to obtain the best diagnostic sample (36). The cytobrush technique has the advantages such as increased total number of cells, acquisition of cells from deeper layers with less intervention, high quality cell morphology, and reduced cell overlapping (11,36). This technique also provides the opportunity for simultaneous studies of the samples taken from very different areas of the ocular surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique also provides the opportunity for simultaneous studies of the samples taken from very different areas of the ocular surface. The cytobrush is commonly used as a tool for obtaining cervical samples as well as ocular samples in human (2,30,36). However, it has been reported in limited studies in veterinary pathology (5,9,18,22,26) that the same type cytology brushes are used successfully for ocular cytology in dogs and cats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absence of significant inflammation is helpful in these cases (27). Cytological examination is a valuable diagnostic tool in infective and degenerative ocular surface disorders (36). A cytospin preparation is a concentration of cells taken directly from specimens or from scraped cell cultures (28).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are few reports concerning Gram stained smears prepared with samples taken by scraping, swab or brush of the conjunctiva in goats (3,8). In humans, the cytobrush techniques is the method of choice for ocular (13,30,34,36) and cervical cytology (2,21). Human cytology brush can be modified for veterinary application (22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of brush cytology (cytospin technique) and cultural results in the diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis in a goat herd

Çakir¹,

Gümüşsoy²,

Kutsal³

et al. 2014

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Summary:In this study, cytological examination of smears prepared with cytospin and bacteriological isolation from the samples taken with cytobrush from corneal surface of goats with keratoconjunctivitis were evaluated. An outbreak of infectious keratoconjunctivitis, which is particularly affecting kids, was determined in a herd of Saanen goats consisting of 200 animals (120 kids and 80 goats) that located in Bursa province between 2011 and 2012. One hundred and twenty kids were affected severely in this occurrence whereas approximately 10% of the mothers were affected. In clinical examinations, lacrimation and mucopurulent ocular discharge were observed in the kids. In the advanced stages of the illness, the most remarkable lesion was severe corneal edema, which is characterized by opacity and vascularizaton. Although the clinical signs started to appear solely in one eye, both eyes of all the kids were, generally, become affected whereas the mothers had unilateral ocular lesions. The mortality rate in kids reached up to 20% even though they received treatment. All of the infected mothers recovered after treatment. Ocular brush samples were randomly taken from 30 kids for cytological and microbiological examinations.Conjunctival brush samples were examined with cytospin technique to determine whether cellular features can be utilized for cytodiagnosis. The epithelial cells collected with cytobrush were deposited onto poly-L-lysine coated slide glasses by cytocentrifuge. Slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE). All of the brush samples were cultivated at 37 °C under aerobic conditions for microbiological investigations. The suspicious colonies were selected and subcultured for phenotypical tests. The susceptibility of isolates to the antibiotics was determined via disc diffusion method. In cytological examinations, the commonly encountered cell types in eyes with keratoconjunctivitis were neutrophils with or without bacteria located intracellularly as well as eosinophils, lymphocytes and macrophages. Extracellular bacterial clusters were also observed in some cases. Brush cytology samples taken from eyes with corneal ulcers showed significant reactive cellular changes. The most common bacteria isolated and identified were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli with the rates of 61.11, 50 and 47.22% respectively. All isolated strains had different susceptibility to various antibiotics. Seventy of 120 treated kids recovered within a week but the disease recurred in some of them (n=40). As a result, microbial culture and cytospin preparation of ocular surface samples can contribute for identification of keratoconjunctivitis. This is the first report with regard to the occurrence of keratoconjunctivitis in Saanen goats. Moreover, this study is of importance because cytospin technique can be used to aid in the rapid diagnosis and follow up surveillance of the ocular diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of brush cytology (cytospin technique) and cultural results in the diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis in a goat herd

Çakir¹,

Gümüşsoy²,

Kutsal³

et al. 2014

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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A six‐year comprehensive review of eye cytology cases received at a tertiary level hospital

Connelly,

Desai,

Cimic

et al. 2024

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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BackgroundOcular cytology is an effective method of diagnosing infective, benign, and malignant ocular disease processes due to easy accessibility and rapid turnaround time. However, these specimens pose significant diagnostic challenges due to rarity of the specimen type, sparse diagnostic material available for ancillary workup, and unfamiliarity of the diagnostic entities by the cytopathologist.MethodsThis study conducted a 6‐year comprehensive review of 65 eye cytology cases received at a tertiary level hospital. Cytopathologic diagnoses of “negative for malignancy” and “atypical” were categorized as negative findings (70.8%, n = 46) and diagnoses of “suspicious for malignancy” and “positive for malignancy” were categorized as positive findings (23.1%, n = 15). A 44.6% (n = 29) of cases had subsequent histopathology and/or flow cytometry diagnoses. Premalignant and malignant lesions detected on histopathology were considered as significant findings. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the concordance of ocular cytology with associated histopathology and/or flow cytometry diagnoses.ResultsThe accuracy of final cytology‐histopathology and/or cytology‐flow cytometry diagnoses in this cohort of cases is 86.2%. The sensitivity and specificity of ocular diagnosis by cytology are 66.6% and 100%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of ocular diagnosis by cytology are 100% and 80.9%, respectively.ConclusionOcular cytology is a fast, effective, and sensitive method for diagnosing ocular pathology specimens. Familiarity with these specimen types by cytopathologists can help in diagnosing ocular diseases effectively on small, challenging cytologic preparations.

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