Brushite: Synthesis, Properties, and Biomedical Applications

Abstract

In this chapter, besides its biomedical applications, the synthesis and properties of brushite were investigated. Brushite consists of two types of crystals, platy and needle-like, and their formation depends on the pH of the medium during precipitation. Platy crystals are formed in a slightly acidic medium, pH = 5, and needle-like crystals at a higher pH = 6.5–7. In this study, the monoclinic brushite crystals were synthesized using dissolution-precipitation reactions. It is found that the brushite crystal growth occurs mainly along the (020) crystallographic plane. The thermogravimetric analysis confirms the presence of the two structural water molecules, which decompose at a temperature range between 80 and 220°C. Brushite was used in the preparation of tetracalcium phosphate mineral, which is the powder component for calcium phosphate cement (CPC). CPC was subsequently prepared from TTCP and phosphate-based hardening solution. In vitro evaluation of the resultant CPC using Hanks’ Balanced Salt Solution results in the growth of nanofibrous crystals of Calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) layers on the surfaces of the CPC. The cultured CPC exhibits new connective tissues and throughout the CaP matrix.

Carbonate-Hydroxyapatite Cement: The Effect of Composition on Solubility In Vitro and Resorption In Vivo

“…Materials based on dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) were resorbed faster in vivo, unlike materials based on apatite [31]. According to the results of experimental studies, materials based on DCPD have good biocompatibility [32][33][34].…”

Opening New Avenues for Bioceramics: Oscillatory Flow Reactors and Upcoming Technologies in Skin-Tissue Engineering

“…The presence of this CaP was further validated thought XRD (Figure 3). The difference in pH also influences the CaP phase that is formed, and at lower pH (2.0-6.0), brushite is more stable than HAp [18]. In CaP3 and CaP4, in addition to the characteristic HAp functional groups, it was possible to identify the bands attributed to amide I (1644 cm -1 ) and II (1516 cm -1 ) that evidence the presence of sericin in these composites (Figure 2).…”

Sideritis raeseri—Modified Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V as a Carrier for Controlled Delivery Systems of Active Substances

“…Brushite powder was synthesized using the wet precipitation method from Na 2 HPO 4 • 2H 2 O and Ca(NO 3 ) 2 •4H 2 O salts [32]. Into 250 mL of a Na 2 HPO 4 • 2H 2 O solution of 0.5 mol/L was placed, on a magnetic stirrer, 250 mL of a Ca(NO 3 ) 2 •4H 2 O solution of 0.5 mol/L, which was dropped at a rate of 1 drop per second.…”