BTEX compounds leachates from cigarette butts into water environment: A primary study

Dobaradaran, Sina; Schmidt, Torsten; Kaziur-Cegla, Wiebke; Jochmann, Maik A.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116185

Cited by 58 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Most nicotine is leached in 10 h (Rodar Green et al 2014). Benzene, toluene, and related chemicals are in low concentration in CBs, but also leach quickly, with one to two -thirds of the chemicals that are leached in one day leaching within the first 15 min (Dobaradaran et al 2021). Most polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons likewise leach rapidly, although the heavier compounds leached primarily between days 14 and the end of the study at 21 days (Dobaradaran 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette butt effects on diatom health in a stream ecosystem

2021

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Cigarette butts are a prevalent form of litter containing numerous toxic chemicals. Because cigarette butts are frequently deposited on the ground and carried into water bodies, greater understanding of the toxic effects of cigarette butts in aquatic ecosystems is needed. We examined the toxicity of cigarette butts to algal growth and diatom health-especially pertinent because of the strong ecological role of these organisms. We modified the agar-based nutrientdiffusing substrate method by using cigarette butt leachate (at 10, 5, 2.5, and 1.25 butts/l concentrations), a whole cigarette butt, and a plain agar control. After incubating for 10 days in a small stream, the biofilms from the diffusing substrates were assessed for algal biomass and diatom health (chloroplast intactness and size of lipid bodies in two abundant species of Navicula). There were no significant differences among the cigarette butt treatments for algal biomass or diatom health; hence, evidence of toxic effects was not found. Other studies have demonstrated cigarette butt leachate toxicity to fish and aquatic invertebrates, but these studies were done in closed systems. In contrast, in open stream ecosystems, effluent may be quickly diluted and carried away by water flow, and the complex chemical environment of streams likely includes leachate from a variety of riparian leaves that fell into the stream (i.e., algae are naturally exposed to low concentrations of a wide variety of secondary chemicals). Our results do not preclude the finding of toxicity of cigarette butt effluent to algae, including diatoms, in standard toxicity tests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette butt effects on diatom health in a stream ecosystem

2021

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“…The main sources of BTEX pollution include petroleum industry, leakage of crude oil and petroleum derivatives, coal and biomass burning, paint manufacturing and application (Kelley et al 1997 ; Baltrenas et al 2011 ; Mitra and Roy 2011 ; Zhang et al 2020 ; Datta et al 2013 ). According to a recent study, leachates of cigarette butts can also be serious sources of contamination of water bodies with BTEX compounds (Dobaradaran et al 2021 ). In the urban atmosphere they are the most abundant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (Duan and Li 2017 ; Dehghani et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Variovorax paradoxus isolate BFB1_13 for bioremediation of BTEX contaminated sites

et al. 2021

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Here, we report and discuss the applicability of Variovorax paradoxus strain BFB1_13 in the bioremediation of BTEX contaminated sites. Strain BFB1_13 was capable of degrading all the six BTEX-compounds under both aerobic (O2 conc. 8 mg l−1) and micro-aerobic/oxygen-limited (O2 conc. 0.5 mg l−1) conditions using either individual (8 mg‧l−1) or a mixture of compounds (~ 1.3 mg‧l−1 of each BTEX compound). The BTEX biodegradation capability of SBP-encapsulated cultures (SBP—Small Bioreactor Platform) was also assessed. The fastest degradation rate was observed in the case of aerobic benzene biodegradation (8 mg l−1 per 90 h). Complete biodegradation of other BTEX occurred after at least 168 h of incubation, irrespective of the oxygenation and encapsulation. No statistically significant difference was observed between aerobic and microaerobic BTEX biodegradation. Genes involved in BTEX biodegradation were annotated and degradation pathways were predicted based on whole-genome shotgun sequencing and metabolic analysis. We conclude that V. paradoxus strain BFB1_13 could be used for the development of reactive biobarriers for the containment and in situ decontamination of BTEX contaminated groundwater plumes. Our results suggest that V. paradoxus strain BFB1_13—alone or in co-culture with other BTEX degrading bacterial isolates—can be a new and efficient commercial bioremediation agent for BTEX contaminated sites.

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“…A wide range of pollutants can leach from disposed CBs [91]. These leachates include: nicotine, aromatic amines, and nitrosamines [92][93][94]; PAHs [47,49]; metals [66,95]; BTEX compounds, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and p-xylene [96]; and phenols [94]. Roder Green et al found that nicotine rapidly leached from test CBs, and estimated that one CB can contaminate 1000 L of water with nicotine to levels that are chronically toxic to biota [92].…”

Section: Cigarette Buttsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Environmental Pollution from the Use and Disposal of Cigarettes and Electronic Cigarettes: Contaminants, Sources, and Impacts

et al. 2021

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While the impacts of cigarette smoking on human health are widely known, a less recognized impact of tobacco product use and disposal is environmental pollution. This review discusses the current literature related to cigarette and e-cigarette contamination in the context of environmental sources and impacts, with a focus on the documented influences on biota, ranging from bacteria to mammals. Cigarette butts and electronic cigarette components can leach contaminants into soil, water, and air. Cellulose acetate cigarette filters comprising the butts are minimally degradable and are a source of bulk plastic and microplastic pollution, especially in aquatic ecosystems where they tend to accumulate. Cigarette combustion and aerosol production during e-cigarette use result in air contamination from sidestream, exhaled, and thirdhand pathways. The chemical byproducts of tobacco product use contaminate wastewater effluents, landfill leachates, and urban storm drains. The widespread detection of nicotine and cotinine in the environment illustrates the potential for large-scale environmental impacts of tobacco product waste. Studies show that cigarette butt leachate and nicotine are toxic to microbes, plants, benthic organisms, bivalves, zooplankton, fish, and mammals; however, there remain critical knowledge gaps related to the environmental impacts of tobacco product waste on environmental health and ecosystem functioning.

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BTEX compounds leachates from cigarette butts into water environment: A primary study

Cited by 58 publications

References 47 publications

Cigarette butt effects on diatom health in a stream ecosystem

Cigarette butt effects on diatom health in a stream ecosystem

Potential of Variovorax paradoxus isolate BFB1_13 for bioremediation of BTEX contaminated sites

A Review of Environmental Pollution from the Use and Disposal of Cigarettes and Electronic Cigarettes: Contaminants, Sources, and Impacts

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