Building cardiovascular disease competence in an urban poor Ghanaian community: A social psychology of participation approach

Aikins, Ama de‐Graft; Kushitor, Mawuli; Kushitor, Sandra Boatemaa; Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle; Asante, Paapa Yaw; Sakyi, Lionel; Agyei, Francis; Koram, Kwadwo A.; Ogedegbe, Gbenga

doi:10.1002/casp.2447

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“… 24 CHWs can be trained to deliver information, screening and support services in these spaces. Finally, establishing and supporting CVD patient groups can empower individuals living with CVD 37 43 as well as create powerful platforms for patient-led CVD advocacy for the wider community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lay knowledge of cardiovascular disease and risk factors in three communities in Accra, Ghana: a cross-sectional survey

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesCardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Ghana, and urban poor communities are disproportionately affected. Research has shown that knowledge of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the first step to risk reduction. This study examines knowledge of CVD and risk factors and determinants of CVD knowledge in three urban poor communities in Accra, Ghana.MethodsUsing the Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Knowledge Level Scale, which has been validated in Ghana, we conducted a cross-sectional survey with 775 respondents aged 15–59 years. CVD knowledge was computed as a continuous variable based on correct answers to 27 questions, and each correct response was assigned one point. Linear regression was used to determine the factors associated with CVD knowledge.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 30.3±10.8 years and the mean knowledge score was 19.3±4.8. About one-fifth of participants were living with chronic diseases. Overall, 71.1% had good CVD knowledge, and 28.9% had moderate or poor CVD knowledge. CVD knowledge was low in the symptoms and risk factor domains. A larger proportion received CVD knowledge from radio and television. The determinants of CVD knowledge included ethnicity, alcohol consumption, self-reported health and sources of CVD knowledge. CVD knowledge was highest among a minority Akan ethnic group, those who were current alcohol consumers and those who rated their health as very good/excellent, compared with their respective counterparts. CVD knowledge was significantly lower among those who received information from health workers and multiple sources.ConclusionThis study underscores the need for health education programmes to promote practical knowledge on CVD symptoms, risks and treatment. We outline health systems and community-level barriers to good CVD knowledge and discuss the implications for developing context-specific and culturally congruent CVD primary prevention interventions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lay knowledge of cardiovascular disease and risk factors in three communities in Accra, Ghana: a cross-sectional survey

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and related risk factors are among the top 10 causes of death in Ghana and underscore Ghana's disease burden 1–5 . Prevalence of NCDs is increasing rapidly 3,4,6–9 . There has been recognition of a persistent chronic disease burden since the early 1990s and sporadic interventions over the past two decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of 2018–2020 research on NCDs and physical activity in Ghana: Groundwork for a monitoring system and action plan

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Physical inactivity is a risk factor for chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), yet national surveillance of physical activity (PA) levels is not well defined. Though Ghana has a national health policy that emphasizes health promotion and prevention of lifestyle diseases, and an NCD policy with PA recommendations in 2012, it does not have an integrated plan of action to address widespread physical inactivity. Objective This review aims to identify the nature and extent of research in NCDs and PA in Ghana to inform the creation of an integrated action plan to address physical inactivity. The review focuses on four research questions: (1) what is the prevalence and monitoring of NCDs in Ghana from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) reports, (2) what are the key risk factors of NCDs in Ghana, (3) what are the identified indicators and benchmarks that enhance or impede PA participation in Ghana, and (4) what are the active interventions and policy directives for NCDs and PA participation in Ghana. Methods Ghana‐specific articles, reports, and policies related to NCDs and PA were collected traversing 2018–2020. The scoping review included: (1) reviewing articles and documents related to risk factors of NCDs in Ghana, (2) reviewing articles and documents from the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) monitoring and surveillance template for Ghana; (3) reviewing articles and documents on the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance Ghana Report Card on Physical Activity; (4) the Demographic and Health Survey website and (5) specific searches for World Health Organization reports. Results A total of 1763 records were identified through keyword search. Based on eligibility criteria, 4 were relevant to question 1, 23 to question 2, 16 to question 3, and 11 to question 4. For question 1, international benchmark surveys revealed that physical inactivity accounts for 20% of NCD related deaths in Ghana. For question 2, 8 records (34.8%) focused on hypertension, 5 (21.74%) body composition and obesity, 4 (17.4%) cardiovascular diseases, 3 (13.0%) on diabetes, 1 (4.4%) on stroke, and 2 (8.7%) on other risk factors. For question 3, 6 records (37%) focused on overall PA, 3 (19%) on the built environment, 2 (12%) active transportation, 2 (12%) on physical inactivity or sedentary behaviors, 2 (12%) on influence of family and peers, and 1 (6%) on active play. For question 4, though multiple national policies exist, including a minimum weekly level of compulsory physical education per week in the school curriculum, data monitoring and surveillance on PA participation are scarce. Conclusion Based on the scoping review of articles traversing 2018–2020, this review revealed minimal research on these topics. Data on PA participation is non‐existent due to lack of conscious monitoring mechanisms, integrated plan of action, intervention strategies and policy directives. A national research agenda is imperative to better understand the relationship and clear connection ...

show abstract

“…Efforts to bridge the hitherto yawning gap between resources, particularly healthcare resource endowments between the northern and southern parts of Ghana, should be boosted. There is also the need to task shift as suggested by other authors [ 41 , 47 , 55 , 56 ]; to enhance NCDs care at health facilities. Further research using longitudinal data over a longer period than ours is needed to elucidate the pattern of the cause-specific fully and underlying mortality in Ghana, in both institutionally and non-institutionally reported data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutional mortality rate and cause of death at health facilities in Ghana between 2014 and 2018

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The epidemiological transition, touted as occurring in Ghana, requires research that tracks the changing patterns of diseases in order to capture the trend and improve healthcare delivery. This study examines national trends in mortality rate and cause of death at health facilities in Ghana between 2014 and 2018. Methods Institutional mortality data and cause of death from 2014–2018 were sourced from the Ghana Health Service’s District Health Information Management System. The latter collates healthcare service data routinely from government and non-governmental health institutions in Ghana yearly. The institutional mortality rate was estimated using guidelines from the Ghana Health Service. Percent change in mortality was examined for 2014 and 2018. In addition, cause of death data were available for 2017 and 2018. The World Health Organisation’s 11th International Classification for Diseases (ICD-11) was used to group the cause of death. Results Institutional mortality decreased by 7% nationally over the study period. However, four out of ten regions (Greater Accra, Volta, Upper East, and Upper West) recorded increases in institutional mortality. The Upper East (17%) and Volta regions (13%) recorded the highest increase. Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) were the leading cause of death in 2017 (25%) and 2018 (20%). This was followed by certain infectious and parasitic diseases (15% for both years) and respiratory infections (10% in 2017 and 13% in 2018). Among the NCDs, hypertension was the leading cause of death with 2,243 and 2,472 cases in 2017 and 2018. Other (non-ischemic) heart diseases and diabetes were the second and third leading NCDs. Septicaemia, tuberculosis and pneumonia were the predominant infectious diseases. Regional variations existed in the cause of death. NCDs showed more urban-region bias while infectious diseases presented more rural-region bias. Conclusions This study examined national trends in mortality rate and cause of death at health facilities in Ghana. Ghana recorded a decrease in institutional mortality throughout the study. NCDs and infections were the leading causes of death, giving a double-burden of diseases. There is a need to enhance efforts towards healthcare and health promotion programmes for NCDs and infectious diseases at facility and community levels as outlined in the 2020 National Health Policy of Ghana.

show abstract

Building cardiovascular disease competence in an urban poor Ghanaian community: A social psychology of participation approach

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Lay knowledge of cardiovascular disease and risk factors in three communities in Accra, Ghana: a cross-sectional survey

Lay knowledge of cardiovascular disease and risk factors in three communities in Accra, Ghana: a cross-sectional survey

A scoping review of 2018–2020 research on NCDs and physical activity in Ghana: Groundwork for a monitoring system and action plan

Institutional mortality rate and cause of death at health facilities in Ghana between 2014 and 2018

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About