Building energy efficiency policies and practices in Pakistan: A literature review

Mahar, Waqas Ahmed; Anwar, Naveed; Attia, Shady

doi:10.1063/1.5115364

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These codes not only allow energy savings but also helps to maintain good environmental quality and sustainability. Note that the awareness level of people in IPB is very poor towards building codes [139,140], a good understanding is required at all levels to gain advantage and build energy efficient living environment.…”

Section: Buildings Energy Efficiency Codes (Beecs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on Energy and Development of Energy Integration in Major South Asian Countries: The Building Sector

et al. 2020

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India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh (IPB) are the largest South Asian countries in terms of land area, gross domestic product (GDP), and population. The growth in these countries is impacted by inadequate renewable energy policy and implementation over the years, resulting in slow progress towards human development and economic sustainability. These developing countries are blessed with huge potential for renewable energy resources; however, they still heavily rely on fossil fuels (93%). IPB is a major contributor to the total energy consumption of the world and its most energy-intensive building sector (India 47%, Pakistan 55% and Bangladesh 55%) displays inadequate energy performance. This paper comprehensively reviews the energy mix and consumption in IPB with special emphasis on current policies and its impact on economic and human development. The main performance indicators have been critically analyzed for the period 1970–2017. The strength of this paper is a broad overview on energy and development of energy integration in major South Asian countries. Furthermore, it presents a broad deepening on the main sector of energy consumption, i.e., the building sector. The paper also particularly analyzes the existing buildings energy efficiency codes and policies, with specific long-term recommendations to improve average energy consumption per person. The study also examines the technical and regulatory barriers and recommends specific measures to adapt renewable technologies, with special attention to policies affecting energy consumption. The analysis and results are general and can be applied to other developing countries of the world.

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Section: Buildings Energy Efficiency Codes (Beecs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on Energy and Development of Energy Integration in Major South Asian Countries: The Building Sector

et al. 2020

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“…The cement plaster is then applied to both the inner and outer surfaces for the wall finishing. These houses are mainly constructed without any thermal insulation in walls, roofs, and floors [53][54][55]. Table 4 presents five different materials used for external wall construction type (X 2 ) to perform sensitivity analysis.…”

Section: Determination Of Design Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These temperatures are mainly for the buildings with HVAC systems. We used this data as there is no such standard for the residential buildings in Pakistan [53,66]. There is a need to identify the suitable indoor temperatures for the buildings in different climatic zones of Pakistan.…”

Section: Main Findings and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Analysis of Passive Design Strategies for Residential Buildings in Cold Semi-Arid Climates

et al. 2020

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Buildings are significant drivers of greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Improving the thermal comfort of occupants in free-running buildings and avoiding active and fossil fuel-based systems is the main challenge in many cities worldwide. However, the impacts of passive design measures on thermal comfort in cold semi-arid regions are seldom studied. With the rapid urbanization and the widespread use of personalised heating and cooling systems, there is a need to inform building designers and city authorities about passive design measures that can achieve nearly optimal conditions. Therefore, in this study, a global sensitivity analysis of the impact of passive design parameters on adaptive comfort in cold semi-arid climates was conducted. A representative residential building was simulated and calibrated in Quetta, Pakistan, to identify key design parameters for optimal thermal comfort. The results list and rank a set of passive design recommendations that can be used widely in similar climates. The results show that among the investigated 21 design variables, the insulation type of roof is the most influential design variable. Overall, the sensitivity analysis yielded new quantitative and qualitative knowledge about the passive design of buildings with personalised heating systems, but the used sensitivity analysis has some limitations. Finally, this study provides evidence-based and informed design recommendations that can serve architects and homeowners to integrate passive design measures at the earliest conceptual design phases in cold semi-arid climates.

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“…The Pakistan Green Building Council (PGBC) establishment is also a constructive step towards improved energy efficiency in the building sector [5]. Mahar et al reviewed the energy efficiency policies in Pakistan and concluded that there is a lack of implementation and practice of energy efficiency policies [22]. Pakistan's poor energy policies have plunged the country into a severe economic crisis since 2006 [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mahar et al reviewed the energy efficiency policies in Pakistan and concluded that there is a lack of implementation and practice of energy efficiency policies [22]. Pakistan's poor energy policies have plunged the country into a severe economic crisis since 2006 [22,23]. The 2006 financial crisis started with a shortage of electrical energy and its insufficient production to meet the increased demand [8,23], which later changed to problems in the transmission and distribution of electrical energy [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Passive Energy Efficiency Measures on Cooling Energy Demand in an Architectural Campus Building in Karachi, Pakistan

et al. 2021

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Electric appliances for cooling and lighting are responsible for most of the increase in electricity consumption in Karachi, Pakistan. This study aims to investigate the impact of passive energy efficiency measures (PEEMs) on the potential reduction of indoor temperature and cooling energy demand of an architectural campus building (ACB) in Karachi, Pakistan. PEEMs focus on the building envelope’s design and construction, which is a key factor of influence on a building’s cooling energy demand. The existing architectural campus building was modeled using the building information modeling (BIM) software Autodesk Revit. Data related to the electricity consumption for cooling, building masses, occupancy conditions, utility bills, energy use intensity, as well as space types, were collected and analyzed to develop a virtual ACB model. The utility bill data were used to calibrate the DesignBuilder and EnergyPlus base case models of the existing ACB. The cooling energy demand was compared with different alternative building envelope compositions applied as PEEMs in the renovation of the existing exemplary ACB. Finally, cooling energy demand reduction potentials and the related potential electricity demand savings were determined. The quantification of the cooling energy demand facilitates the definition of the building’s electricity consumption benchmarks for cooling with specific technologies.

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Building energy efficiency policies and practices in Pakistan: A literature review

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

An Overview on Energy and Development of Energy Integration in Major South Asian Countries: The Building Sector

An Overview on Energy and Development of Energy Integration in Major South Asian Countries: The Building Sector

Sensitivity Analysis of Passive Design Strategies for Residential Buildings in Cold Semi-Arid Climates

Impact of Passive Energy Efficiency Measures on Cooling Energy Demand in an Architectural Campus Building in Karachi, Pakistan

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