Building peaceful citizens? Nation-building in divided societies

Hammett, Daniel; Marshall, David J.

doi:10.1080/13562576.2017.1330383

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Geographers have recognized how peace-building efforts can serve to reinforce existing, negative power dynamics rather than expand possibilities for social justice (Hammett and Marshall 2017). Geographers study present-day conflict not so much as "new wars" that depart significantly from patterns of past conflicts or as best understood by focusing on state actors.…”

Section: Geographies Of Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Geographies of slow violence: an introduction

O’Lear¹

2021

A Research Agenda for Geographies of Slow Violence

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Section: Geographies Of Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Geographies of slow violence: an introduction

O’Lear¹

2021

A Research Agenda for Geographies of Slow Violence

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“…Inter-ethnic interactions can be considered positive when they result in civic solidarity, involving 'a forward-looking commitment to fighting for social justice and against the privileges of political elites' (Lai, 2020, 180). As part of efforts to foster dialogue, tolerance, and reconciliation, many youth-focused peacebuilding efforts emphasise leadership, addressing local problems relevant to youth, and working on achieving solutions (Hammett and Marshall, 2017). Such initiatives that motivate youth to actively involve themselves in civil society are considered to play an important role in creating peaceful, tolerant and productive citizens, building an inclusive society, and enhancing trust between individuals and government bodies (Fairy, 2019;Hammett and Marshall, 2017).…”

Section: Civic Action and Citizenshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalability of Transitional Justice and Reconciliation Interventions: Moving Toward Wider Socio-political Change

Haider¹

2021

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Literature focusing on the aftermath of conflict in the Western Balkans, notes that many people remain focused on stereotypes and prejudices between different ethnic groups stoking fear of a return to conflict. This rapid review examines evidence focussing on various interventions that seek to promote inter-group relations that are greatly elusive in the political realm in the Western Balkan. Socio-political change requires a growing critical mass that sees the merit in progressive and conciliatory ethnic politics and is capable of side-lining divisive ethno-nationalist forces. This review provides an evidence synthesis of pathways through which micro-level, civil-society-based interventions can produce ‘ripple effects’ in society and scale up to affect larger geographic areas and macro-level socio-political outcomes. These interventions help in the provision of alternative platforms for dealing with divisive nationalism in post-conflict societies. There is need to ensure that the different players participating in reconciliation activities are able to scale up and attain broader reach to ensure efficacy and hence enabling them to become ‘multiplier of peace.’ One such way is by providing tools for activism. The involvement of key people and institutions, who are respected and play an important role in the everyday life of communities and participants is an important factor in the design and success of reconciliation initiatives. These include the youth, objective media, and journalists. The transformation of conflict identities through reconciliation-related activities is theorised as leading to the creation of peace constituencies that support non-violent approaches to conflict resolution and sustainable peace The success of reconciliation interventions largely depends on whether it contributes to redefining otherwise antagonistic identities and hostile relationships within a community or society.

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“…Leeuw, 2016); antimigration policies (e.g., Davies & Isakjee, 2015); discrimination and exclusion (e.g., Mahtani, 2014;McKittrick, 2011;Smith, 2016); and class-or race-based intentional neglect (or increased policing) of certain spaces Pain, 2019;Pain & Cahill, 2022;Shaw, 2019). Political geographers and geopoliticians consider complex spatialities of political violence, war, and peace-making (e.g., Agnew, 2009;Flint, 2005;Hammett & Marshall, 2017;Kirsch & Flint, 2011;Kobayashi, 2009;Loyd, 2012;Mamadouh, 2005;Megoran, 2011;Williams & McConnell, 2011), also by referring to concepts of verticality (Graham, 2004(Graham, , 2016Graham & Hewitt, 2012;Segal & Weizman, 2003;Weizman, 2002Weizman, , 2007 and volume (Elden, 2009(Elden, , 2010(Elden, , 2013(Elden, , 2017(Elden, , 2021Billé, 2020;Crampton, 2010;Hawkins, 2019), exposing how power is spatially distributed and maintained, as well as-in Gregory and Pred's words-working through 'some of the ways in which a critical geographical imagination can illuminate the spaces through which terror, fear, and political violence are abroad in the world ' (2007, p. 1). Representatives of critical war studies (e.g., Barkawi, 2016;Barkawi & Laffey, 2006;Brighton, 2011;Shaw, 2005;Strachan, 2007) deconstruct the dominant understandings of war and political violence, 'approaching the knowledge of war as site of politics'…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human geographers engage in the study of diverse manifestations of slow violence of toxicity (e.g., Davies, 2018, 2022; LeBel, 2016; O’Lear, 2015, 2016, 2018), post‐military contamination (e.g., Dillon, 2015; Gregory, 2016) and pollution (e.g., Gorostiza & Sauri, 2017); poverty, dispossession, and deliberate negligence of specific areas (e.g., Cahill, 2015; Kern, 2016; Pain, 2019); separation of families (e.g., De Leeuw, 2016); antimigration policies (e.g., Davies & Isakjee, 2015); discrimination and exclusion (e.g., Mahtani, 2014; McKittrick, 2011; Smith, 2016); and class‐ or race‐based intentional neglect (or increased policing) of certain spaces (Cahill et al., 2019; Pain, 2019; Pain & Cahill, 2022; Shaw, 2019). Political geographers and geopoliticians consider complex spatialities of political violence, war, and peace‐making (e.g., Agnew, 2009; Flint, 2005; Hammett & Marshall, 2017; Kirsch & Flint, 2011; Kobayashi, 2009; Loyd, 2012; Mamadouh, 2005; Megoran, 2011; Williams & McConnell, 2011), also by referring to concepts of verticality (Graham, 2004, 2016; Graham & Hewitt, 2012; Segal & Weizman, 2003; Weizman, 2002, 2007) and volume (Elden, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2017, 2021; Billé, 2020; Crampton, 2010; Hawkins, 2019), exposing how power is spatially distributed and maintained, as well as—in Gregory and Pred's words—working through ‘some of the ways in which a critical geographical imagination can illuminate the spaces through which terror, fear, and political violence are abroad in the world’ (2007, p. 1). Representatives of critical war studies (e.g., Barkawi, 2016; Barkawi & Laffey, 2006…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slowness as warfare: Towards a relational approach to political violence in the West Bank

Golańska

2023

Geography Compass

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Engaging with recent applications of the concept of slow violence to the ongoing political developments in the West Bank, this review article argues that the relational approach offered by feminist geopolitics facilitates the conception of slow violence and warfare as part of a single complex of violence. The article traces feminist geopolitics' contribution to research on geographies of slow violence on the one hand, and to the analyses produced within the fields of critical geopolitics and critical war studies on the other, exposing that scholarly work exploiting the relational approach generated within and across these areas of research enables a broader understanding of political violence's tangled operations. Based on the analysis of the recent scholarly engagement with slow violence in the West Bank, the article proposes that thinking of slowness as a form of warfare captures the complex entanglement of different modalities of violence as they materialize in specific spatio‐temporal circumstances. Moreover, such an approach contributes to the further reinvigoration of feminist geopolitics with insights generated within (settler) colonial studies.

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Building peaceful citizens? Nation-building in divided societies

Cited by 8 publications

References 73 publications

Geographies of slow violence: an introduction

Geographies of slow violence: an introduction

Scalability of Transitional Justice and Reconciliation Interventions: Moving Toward Wider Socio-political Change

Slowness as warfare: Towards a relational approach to political violence in the West Bank

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