“…So far, the studies have been conducted in the areas of social sciences (Agarwal, Page, and Mawby, 2021;Malleka, Booyens, and Hoogendoorn, 2022), business and management (Zou & Meng, 2020;Tarulevicz and Ooi, 2021), and environmental sciences (Tang, Wu, Zheng, & Lyu, 2018). In addition to the general issues of tourism safety and security, a significant part of the research focuses particularly on recreation safety (Wu, 2015;Karvunis & Kapilevich, 2017;Cheng, Chen, Hong & Chen, 2022), managing tourism safety and risk (Coxon, Dimmock & Wilks, 2007;Kasum, Žanić Mikuličić & Kolić, 2018;Hamm & Su, 2021), food security (Pirani & Arafat, 2016;Addinsall, Weiler, Scherrer & Glencross, 2017;Huang & Tsai, 2021), environmental security (Irene, aet al, 2010;Hall, 2013;Casares Blanco, Fernández-Aracil & Ortuño-Padilla, 2019), tourism ecological security (Xu, Liu, Li & Zhong, 2017;Tang, Wu, Zheng, Lyu, 2018;Yang, Jia, Wang & Zhang, 2021), tourists' safety perception (Wang, 2014;Peters & Papathanassis, 2019;Zou &Meng, 2020;Wang, Tarin, Liu, & Zhengf, 2022), impact of terrorism on safety (Chen & Noriega, 2004;Korstanje, 2017;Asongu & Nwachukwu, 2019;Agarwal, Page & Mawby, 2021), corporate security in tourism (Repnik & Antošová, 2021), and community safety (Cheng, Fang & Yin, 2022;Yamada, Heo, King & Fu, 2011).…”