Bulldog Ants of the Eocene Okanagan Highlands and History of the Subfamily (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmeciinae)

Archibald, S. Bruce; Cover, Stefan P.; Moreau, Corrie S.

doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2006)99[487:baoteo]2.0.co;2

Cited by 60 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…A species from the early Eocene Danish Fur Formation is also about 2.5 cm long [9,58]. Ants from the late Eocene cool upland at Florissant, Colorado and from Palaeocene and Eocene ambers (Sakhalin, Baltic, Ukranian, etc.…”

Section: Discussion (A) the Status Of Formiciine Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early Eocene Europe and North America shared the highest number of mammal genera in the Cenozoic [2]; they also had pronounced floral similarities, indicating numerous intercontinental range extensions of plant taxa [3,5,7]. While it has long been recognized that the distributions of modern insect taxa implies Eocene cross-North Atlantic migrations [1], direct fossil evidence has only been reported recently [8,9,11,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intercontinental dispersal of giant thermophilic ants across the Arctic during early Eocene hyperthermals

et al. 2011

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Early Eocene land bridges allowed numerous plant and animal species to cross between Europe and North America via the Arctic. While many species suited to prevailing cool Arctic climates would have been able to cross throughout much of this period, others would have found dispersal opportunities only during limited intervals when their requirements for higher temperatures were met. Here, we present Titanomyrma lubei gen. et sp. nov. from Wyoming, USA, a new giant (greater than 5 cm long) formiciine ant from the early Eocene (approx. 49.5 Ma) Green River Formation. We show that the extinct ant subfamily Formiciinae is only known from localities with an estimated mean annual temperature of about 208C or greater, consistent with the tropical ranges of almost all of the largest living ant species. This is, to our knowledge, the first known formiciine of gigantic size in the Western Hemisphere and the first reported cross-Arctic dispersal by a thermophilic insect group. This implies intercontinental migration during one or more brief high-temperature episodes (hyperthermals) sometime between the latest Palaeocene establishment of intercontinental land connections and the presence of giant formiciines in Europe and North America by the early middle Eocene.

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Section: Discussion (A) the Status Of Formiciine Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercontinental dispersal of giant thermophilic ants across the Arctic during early Eocene hyperthermals

et al. 2011

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“…However, some pelecinids might have migrated much earlier using a sustained series of islands across the North America-South America gap as stepping stones, for example, the proto-Greater Antilles terrestrial corridor was sufÞciently emergent after the Middle Eocene (49 Ma). By the Late Eocene, Early Oligocene, maximal land exposure and interrupted highlands regions had formed along its almost continuously emergent length, connected at its southern end to South America (Iturralde-Vincent and MacPhee 1999; Santiago-Valentin and Olmstead 2004; Archibald et al 2005Archibald et al , 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Earliest Fossil Record of Pelecinid Wasps (Inseta: Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea: Pelecinidae) from Inner Mongolia, China

Shih

Liu

Ren

2009

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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Two new genera, including three new species assigned to the subfamily Iscopininae Rasnitsyn, 1980 and family Pelecinidae Haliday, 1840—Archaeopelecinus tebbei, gen. et sp. nov., A. jinzhouensis, gen. et sp. nov., and Cathaypelecinus daohugouensis gen. et sp. nov.—are described from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Eastern Inner Mongolia, China. This article documents the earliest record of fossil pelecinid wasps, extending the pelecinid existence to the Middle Jurassic and suggesting origination of pelecinid in northeastern China. Migration of pelecinid from East Asia to North, Central, and South Americas and evolution of pelecinid morphology (e.g., antennae, wing venation, body size, mouthparts) and dietary requirement also are discussed.

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“…The Eocene of the Okanagan Highlands reveals a representative of the Myrmeciinae, currently limited to the Australian region (Archibald et al 2006). The only genus -determined hemipteran from Quilchena, Megymenum is today found in only in the Oriental biotic region and Australia (G. Gross, personal communication in Archibald & Mathewes 2000).…”

Section: Lost Tertiary American Entomofaunamentioning

confidence: 99%

Afro-Asian cockroach from Chiapas amber and the lost Tertiary American entomofauna

Vršanský¹,

Cifuentes-Ruiz²,

Vidlička³

et al. 2011

Geologica Carpathica

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Cockroach genera with synanthropic species (Blattella, Ectobius, Supella, Periplaneta, Diploptera and ?Blatta), as well as other insects such as honeybees, although natively limited to certain continents nowadays, had circumtropic distribution in the past. The ease of their reintroduction into their former range suggests a post-Early Miocene environmental stress which led to the extinction of cosmopolitan Tertiary entomofauna in the Americas, whilst in Eurasia, Africa and Australia this fauna survived. This phenomenon is demonstrated here on a low diversity (10 spp.) living cockroach genus Supella, which is peculiar for the circumtropical synanthropic brownbanded cockroach S. longipalpa and also for its exclusively free-living cavicolous species restricted to Africa. S. (Nemosupella) miocenica sp. nov. from the Miocene amber of Chiapas in Mexico is a sister species to the living S. mirabilis from the Lower Guinea forests and adjacent savannas. The difference is restricted to the shape of the central macula on the pronotum, and size, which may indicate the around-Miocene origin of the living, extremely polymorphic Supella species and possibly also the isochronic invasion into the Americas. The species also has a number of characteristics of the Asian (and possibly also Australian) uniform genus Allacta (falling within the generic variability of Supella) suggesting Supella is a direct ancestor of the former. The present species is the first significant evidence for incomplete hiati between well defined cockroach genera -a result of the extensive fossil record of the group. The reported specimen is covered by a mycelium of a parasitic fungus Cordyceps or Entomophthora.

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Bulldog Ants of the Eocene Okanagan Highlands and History of the Subfamily (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmeciinae)

Cited by 60 publications

References 88 publications

Intercontinental dispersal of giant thermophilic ants across the Arctic during early Eocene hyperthermals

Intercontinental dispersal of giant thermophilic ants across the Arctic during early Eocene hyperthermals

The Earliest Fossil Record of Pelecinid Wasps (Inseta: Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea: Pelecinidae) from Inner Mongolia, China

Afro-Asian cockroach from Chiapas amber and the lost Tertiary American entomofauna

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