Bullying and Children who are Deaf or Hard‐of‐hearing: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Objective/Hypothesis: The goal of this scoping review is to evaluate and synthesize the published research regarding bullying and children who are deaf or hard-of-hearing (DHH).Study Design: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping review (PRISMA-ScR) statement was used as the guideline for conducting this review.Methods: This review included studies assessing pediatric (0-21 years) DHH children. Seventy records underwent the initial title-abstract screening, 33 underwent full-text review, and 23 studies met inclusion criteria. During the data extraction process, an additional six were excluded, resulting in a total of 17 evaluated studies.Results: Of the 17 studies assessed, nine compared peer victimization of DHH children and their hearing peers. Of those, seven studies reported that hearing loss (HL) is significantly associated with increased victimization. Two studies found that HL is significantly associated with decreased bullying perpetration. Notably, bullying in DHH children was not associated with a visible sign of disability, such as a hearing assistive device. Rather, variables such as educational setting, parental, and peer support are more likely to mediate bullying in this population.Conclusions: DHH children have a higher risk of peer victimization and may bully others less often than their hearing peers. Studies described the health consequences of bullying in children who are DHH, including sleep issues and anxiety. These consequences may have implications for the patients' overall HL management. Additional research regarding bullying interventions and prevention in this population should be conducted.

Inclusive Culture in Compulsory Education Centers: Values, Participation and Teachers’ Perceptions

“…The magnitude of the effect size was calculated using the Hodges-Lehmann estimate, which uses the median differences between the two groups through the biserial rank correlation (r b ), interpreting an effect size as irrelevant if it is <0.1; small (0.1); medium (0.3) and large 0.5 [ 38 ]. In this case, we found in item Cpe.2 a statistically significant difference with an association strength close to a medium-size value (r b = 0.22) between the female gender and the perception that support for specific needs of students is a task for support specialists.…”

“…Several studies [ 38 , 39 , 40 ] have reported a significant association between SEN students and bullying at the school. Our study highlights that there is not a clear, direct relation between SEN and victimization; 38.9% of the teachers considered that SEN students might be bullied to a greater degree due to their characteristics than their peers, but 28% believe that victimization does not have to be associated with SEN, and 33.1% did not show a specific perception about it (Mdn: 80.7).…”

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Exploring peer victimization and/or bullying in the lives of adolescents and children with deafness and hearing impairment: An integrative review

“…Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) adolescents and children wearing visible hearing devices face more peer victimization and/or bullying in schools because of being considered different from their normal-hearing peers. [9,10] Swearer et al [11] reported that adolescents or children who have an observable disability such as wearing hearing devices are more likely to be involved in peer victimization and/or bullying (89.9%) than their normal-hearing peers (72.2%). [12] Furthermore, Armitage [13] reported nearly one-third (32%) of all children worldwide have experienced victimization and/or bullying once or more within the past month, and almost one in thirteen (7.3%) have been bullied six or more times.…”