Bullying, regimen self-management, and metabolic control in youth with type I diabetes

Diabetes mellitus tipo 1: evidências da literatura para seu manejo adequado, na perspectiva de crianças

“…Besides school adaptations, another difficulty in the school environment was diabetes-related bullying. Depression related to bullying can contribute to reduce treatment adherence, compromising self-care, besides permitting the appearance of long-term complications (29) .…”

“…Training or follow-up by a health team, especially by the nurse, advising classmates, employees and teachers, shows to be effective, improving the children's glucose control (27) . Educative programs in schools is another strategy health professionals should consider, with a view to reducing cases of bullying, informing teachers, students and other people present in the school space about the disease and its consequences (29) . These programs can contribute to promote greater interaction among the students, increase the selfesteem of diabetic children and improve their treatment adherence.…”

“…Many children, however, are afraid of classmates who, uninformed about the disease, react negatively to the need to interrupt school activities for care delivery (16) . In many cases, they report being victims of bullying (29) . They believe that offering appropriate information to friends and colleagues strengthens bonds of friendship and enhances understanding of their condition (15) .…”

Type I Diabetes in Children and Adolescents

“…Children with diabetes also can experience stress related to negative school experiences. Storch et al (2006) found a link between bullying of children with diabetes and selfmanagement behaviors. If children with diabetes experienced teasing or negative reactions from peers for testing their blood glucose or other self-management behaviors, they were less likely to engage in self-care.…”

Contributing Factors to Poor Adherence and Glycemic Control in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: Facilitating a Move Toward Telehealth

“…As discussed earlier, research in the past few years has began to identify depression as a driving mechanism of the link between peer victimization and poor adherence and glycemic control. Research by Storch & colleagues [58] found that depression partially mediated the relationship between peer victimization and diabetes self-management, or simply put that peer victimized, youth with diabetes manage their diabetes worse as they endorse higher levels of depression. Specifically related to their self-management, this study found that the more the youth were victimized by their peers, the worse HbA1c, adherence to glucose testing, and dietary management.…”