Burden of Family Care-Givers and the Rationing in the Long-Term Care Insurance Benefits of Japan

Suzuki, Wataru; Ogura, Seiritsu; Izumida, Nobuyuki

doi:10.1142/s0217590808002872

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Furthermore, the use of a short-term stay service funded by the LTCI has demonstrated positive effects on the well-being of family caregivers. This service is perhaps the most efficient, followed by home-helper services [5]. Greater use of day-care and respite short-stay services have indicated that such services might provide traditional female caregivers with temporary relief from their care burden [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct impacts of high intensity caregiving on caregivers’ mental health and continuation of caregiving

Kumagai

2017

Health Econ Rev

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Although high-intensity caregiving has been found to be associated with a greater prevalence of mental health problems, little is known about the specifics of this relationship. This study clarified the burden of informal caregivers quantitatively and provided policy implications for long-term care policies in countries with aging populations. Using data collected from a nationwide five-wave panel survey in Japan, I examined two causal relationships: (1) high-intensity caregiving and mental health of informal caregivers, and (2) high-intensity caregiving and continuation of caregiving. Considering the heterogeneity in high-intensity caregiving among informal caregivers, control function model which allows for heterogeneous treatment effects was used.This study uncovered three major findings. First, hours of caregiving was found to influence the continuation of high-intensity caregiving among non-working informal caregivers and irregular employees. Specifically, caregivers who experienced high-intensity caregiving (20–40 h) tended to continue with it to a greater degree than did caregivers who experienced ultra-high-intensity caregiving (40 h or more). Second, high-intensity caregiving was associated with worse mental health among non-working caregivers, but did not have any effect on the mental health of irregular employees. The control function model revealed that caregivers engaging in high-intensity caregiving who were moderately mentally healthy in the past tended to have serious mental illness currently. Third, non-working caregivers did not tend to continue high-intensity caregiving for more than three years, regardless of co-residential caregiving. This is because current high-intensity caregiving was not associated with the continuation of caregiving when I included high-intensity caregiving provided during the previous period in the regression. Overall, I noted distinct impacts of high-intensity caregiving on the mental health of informal caregivers and that such caregiving is persistent among non-working caregivers who experienced it for at least a year. Supporting non-working intensive caregivers as a public health issue should be considered a priority.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, based on a survey of 2,530 family caregivers, Suzuki et al found that there is insufficient provision of short-term stays, day services, and home-helper services [5]. …”

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confidence: 99%

Distinct impacts of high intensity caregiving on caregivers’ mental health and continuation of caregiving

Kumagai

2017

Health Econ Rev

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“…First, several studies have examined the relationship between informal and formal care provision (Pezzin et al, 1996; Van Houtven and Norton, 2004 and 2008; Hanaoka and Norton, 2008; Bonsang, 2009; Spillman and Long, 2009; Tamiya et al, 2011; Kikuchi, 2012; Paraponaris et al, 2012) and found that informal care substitutes for formal care although the effects differ by situation. Second, previous literature has established that providing informal care negatively affects the caregiver's labor supply (Carmichael and Charles, 1998 and 2003; Pezzin and Schone, 1999; Noguchi and Shimizutani, 2004; Carmichael et al, 2010; Hassink and Van den Berg, 2011; Tamiya et al, 2011; Otsu and Komamura, 2012; Van Houtven et al, 2013) and health (Kishida and Takagi, 2007, and Suzuki et al, 2008). Third, previous research has explored who becomes a caregiver within a family (Fontaine et al, 2009; Pezzin et al, 2009), finding that economic conditions of siblings and the relationship between children and parents significantly affect this decision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 11 For example, Kishida and Takagi (2007) and Suzuki et al (2008) find that the burden of informal care provision may adversely affect the caregiver's health. …”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Informal Caregivers' Health on Care Recipients

Yuda

Lee

2016

The Japanese Economic Review

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Informal care is increasingly important in countries undergoing population aging. Previous research has discussed how the long-term care system may affect the behaviors of informal caregivers but has paid not much attention to how changes in caregivers' circumstances, particularly their health, affect those receiving their care. Using the Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement, we empirically examine how caregivers' health condition may affect the elderly parents receiving their care. We find empirical evidence that declining caregivers' health adversely affects care recipients' health. We see such links between informal caregivers and their in-laws, demonstrating that these effects go beyond genetic influences.

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“…The social costs of such an engagement are hidden, and visible ones present only the tip of the iceberg [29]. Examples from Israel and Japan witness the massive pool of people in the community working hard at full-time jobs, with all further ramifications for their families and their workplace [30,31]. Among many related ongoing developments, the exploding pandemic of dementia worldwide will probably make this burden far heavier in the foreseeable future, with Asia and Europe in the lead.…”

Section: The Impact Of Ageing On Medical Spendingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population ageing alongside health care spending growth

Jakovljević

2017

Srp Arh Celok Lek

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The Silver Tsunami or population ageing has become a globally widespread phenomenon. The purpose of this review is to observe its dynamics and consequences from a local Balkan perspective. The main drivers of this unique demographic evolution are extended longevity, improved early childhood survival, absorption of women into the labor markets, and consequences of sexual revolution leading to falling female fertility. This process lasting well over a century is taking its toll on contemporary societies. Major side effects are shrinking young labor force and growing pool of elderly and retired citizens in many countries. This equation tends to worsen further in the future threatening long-term financial sustainability of public social and health insurance funds. Notable health expenditure growth, accelerating worldwide since the 1960s, is to a large degree attributable to ageing itself. Growing share of senior citizens increases demand for medical services and costs of health care provision. Home-based care provided by the family caregivers presents another important reality putting a huge burden on modern communities. Serbs are no exception in this landscape. Historical demographic evolution of this nation gives a clear evidence of advanced and accelerated ageing, which is well documented in post-World War II era. This synthesis of rich published evidence shows clear upward parallel trend between the pace of population aging and the growth of health expenditure. National authorities shall be forced to consider reform of the current health care financing pattern inherited from the demographic growth era. This might be the only way to smooth out the impact of population ageing on the financial sustainability of the health system and long-term medical care in Serbia.

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Burden of Family Care-Givers and the Rationing in the Long-Term Care Insurance Benefits of Japan

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Distinct impacts of high intensity caregiving on caregivers’ mental health and continuation of caregiving

Distinct impacts of high intensity caregiving on caregivers’ mental health and continuation of caregiving

Effects of Informal Caregivers' Health on Care Recipients

Population ageing alongside health care spending growth

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