Burden of metabolic syndrome among HIV-infected patients in Southern Ethiopia

Tesfaye, Demo Yemane; Kinde, Samuel; Medhin, Girmay; Megerssa, Yoseph Cherinet; Tadewos, Agete; Tadesse, Endale; Shimelis, Techalew

doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2014.04.008

Cited by 66 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Our data is similar to those of Desfaye, who found that more than 25% of patients developed dyslipidemia; in addition, an increase in lipids and glucose levels was reported after starting ART [13].…”

Section: Regimen Tdf/ftc+efv Tdf/ftc+nvp Abc/3tc+lpv/r Abc/3tc+efv Absupporting

confidence: 80%

Dyslipidemia and Fasting Glucose Impairment among HIV-Infected Patients 48-Weeks after the First Antiretroviral Regimen

Marín¹

2015

J AIDS Clin Res

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BackgroundWith the increased survival of HIV-infected patients, there have emerged a number of unexpected consequences of chronic illness and drugs adverse events, especially in the form of metabolic disease [1].Available data suggest the presence of an accelerated process of coronary atherosclerosis in this population due to multiple factors, including a higher prevalence (compared with non-HIV-infected patients) of conventional risk factors, emerging risk factors (chronic inflammation, immune activation, and senescence related to HIV infection itself), and the role of antiretroviral therapy (ART), regarding metabolic syndrome as one of the major problems [2]. Some studies have showed that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher among HIV-infected patients on ART than among non-HIV-infected healthy controls (15.8 vs. 3.2%) [3]. A high incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) has been detected in HIV-infected patients receiving ART [4,5]. Another studies have found relationship between some classes of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs such as protease inhibitors (PIs) and nucleos(t)ide retrotranscriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) with a higher frequency of new-onset DM and IFG [6].Dyslipidemia is particularly frequent and is mostly characterized by hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterol concentrations. AbstractBackground: People infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) develop lipid and glucose metabolic alterations, which predisposes them to cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cumulative incidence of dyslipidemia and fasting glucose impairment after 48 weeks of initiating the first antiretroviral (ART) regimen and the association with the type of ART regimen.

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Section: Regimen Tdf/ftc+efv Tdf/ftc+nvp Abc/3tc+lpv/r Abc/3tc+efv Absupporting

confidence: 80%

Dyslipidemia and Fasting Glucose Impairment among HIV-Infected Patients 48-Weeks after the First Antiretroviral Regimen

Marín¹

2015

J AIDS Clin Res

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“…To accommodate the difficulties caused by different definitions of dysglycamia, we have in this study both described the prevalences of DM and IFG on the basis of the WHO criteria, and furthermore stated the prevalence of dysglycemia with a cut-off of 5.6 mmol/l (100 mg/dl). Using a cut-off of 5.6 mmol/l our results (18.0%) are comparable to the prevalence of dysglycemia in both Southern Ethiopia (21.5%) 21 and South Africa (25.7%). 20 In Cameroon, the prevalences of both DM and IFG were significantly higher among treatment-naïve HIV-infected patients compared with healthy controls.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Dm Ifg and Dysglycemia Among Patients With Hisupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Other studies from sub-Saharan Africa, that examined blood glucose levels among ART-naïve patients with HIV, included a relatively smaller number of subjects. [20][21][22][23] In this study, we used a single FBG measurement to diagnose DM. Diagnostic certainty would have been higher if two FBG measurements had been available, or oral glucose tolerance tests and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1C ) values had been obtained.…”

Section: Strengths and Weaknessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose in ART-naïve patients with HIV-1, HIV-2 and HIV-1/2 dual infection in Guinea-Bissau: a cross-sectional study

Steiniche

Jespersen

Erikstrup

et al. 2016

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg

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Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is expected to increase in sub-Saharan Africa. Patients with HIV are at particular risk. We investigated the DM burden among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve patients with HIV in Guinea-Bissau.Methods: Patients were consecutively included. Demographic and lifestyle data were collected and one fasting blood glucose (FBG) measurement was used to diagnose DM (FBG≥7.0 mmol/L) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (FBG≥6.1 and ,7.0 mmol/L).Results: By June 2015, 953 newly diagnosed ART-naïve patients with HIV had been included in the study of whom 893 (93.7%) were fasting at the time of inclusion. Median age among the fasting patients was 37 years (IQR 30-46 years) and 562 (62.9%) were women. The prevalence of DM was 5.8% (52/893) while 5.6% (50/893) had IFG. DM was associated with family history of DM (OR 3.92, 95% CI 1.78 to 8.63), being 41-50 years (OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.18 to 7.49) or older than 50 years (OR 3.14, 95% CI 1.09 to 9.07) and Fula ethnicity (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.12 to 6.62).Conclusions: DM prevalence was higher among younger patients compared with the background population in Bissau. Traditional risk factors for DM such as advancing age and a family history of DM apply also for ART-naïve patients with HIV.

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“…This variation likely reflects differences in study design as well as potential real differences between populations. Further, available evidence consistently shows higher rates of hyperglyceridaemia among HIV-infected individuals receiving ART compared with untreated HIV-positive individuals and HIV-negative individuals [43,45,46]. Estimates of the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia of between 14% and 42% have been reported among individuals receiving ART [43,45,46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

HIV treatment is associated with a twofold higher probability of raised triglycerides: pooled analyses in 21 023 individuals in sub-Saharan Africa

Ekoru

Young

Dillon

et al. 2018

Glob. Health Epidemiol.

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Background Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) regimes for HIV are associated with raised levels of circulating triglycerides (TGs) in western populations. However, there are limited data on the impact of ART on cardiometabolic risk in subSaharan African (SSA) populations.Methods Pooled analyses of 14 studies comprising 21 023 individuals, on whom relevant cardiometabolic risk factors (including TG), HIV and ART status were assessed between 2003 and 2014, in SSA. The association between ART and raised TG (>2.3 mmol/L) was analysed using regression models.Findings Among 10 615 individuals, ART was associated with a two-fold higher probability of raised TG (RR 2.05, 95% CI 1.51-2.77, I2 = 45.2%). The associations between ART and raised blood pressure, glucose, HbA1c, and other lipids were inconsistent across studies.Interpretation Evidence from this study confirms the association of ART with raised TG in SSA populations. Given the possible causal effect of raised TG on cardiovascular disease (CVD), the evidence highlights the need for prospective studies to clarify the impact of long term ART on CVD outcomes in SSA.

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Burden of metabolic syndrome among HIV-infected patients in Southern Ethiopia

Cited by 66 publications

References 27 publications

Dyslipidemia and Fasting Glucose Impairment among HIV-Infected Patients 48-Weeks after the First Antiretroviral Regimen

Dyslipidemia and Fasting Glucose Impairment among HIV-Infected Patients 48-Weeks after the First Antiretroviral Regimen

Diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose in ART-naïve patients with HIV-1, HIV-2 and HIV-1/2 dual infection in Guinea-Bissau: a cross-sectional study

HIV treatment is associated with a twofold higher probability of raised triglycerides: pooled analyses in 21 023 individuals in sub-Saharan Africa

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