“…The finite element method (FEM) is commonly adopted to analyze the plasmonic effect of metal NPs/nanostructures . FEM is able to accurately compute not only the SPR absorption/scattering spectra but also the field distribution for either a single particle or a well-defined periodical structure, − regardless of its material compositions (e.g., can be pure metal or metal/semiconductor composite). With proper modification, our recent efforts have shown that even the quantum plasmon effect can be included in FEM simulation. , Nowadays, the study of SPR using FEM is widely accepted in many research fields such as sensing, optical-modulator, photocatalysis, and the solar cell, among others.…”