Business diplomacy management: a conceptual overview and an integrative framework

Business diplomacy in practice: A strategic response to global business challenges

“…Despite this acknowledgement of the importance of knowledge with respect to business diplomacy, the specific areas are not well established. According to Alammar and Pauleen (2016), practical knowledge that might be necessary for business diplomats is not yet well articulated in the literature, with the exception of the work conducted by Saner and Yiu (2003, 2014) and Saner et al (2000). Yet, according to Kurbalija (2002), diplomacy is a profession of knowledge requiring diverse forms of information to support various activities of negotiation, communication, and representation.…”

Társadalom – gazdaság – természet: szinergiák a fenntartható fejlődésben (Konferenciakötet)

“…Nevertheless, in the scope of this paper, the author considered the definition from Saner and Yiu as only one among other functions of business diplomacy. Alammar and Pauleen (2016) have expanded the subjects to internal and external business players and combined functions defined by Ruel (2013) and Saner and Yiu (2014). Employees, managers and the board of directors could be regarded as the Internal business players.…”

“…But why the need for BD is instant in the post-Covid-19 world? Alammar et al (2016) conceptualized 9 factors that contribute to the need for business diplomacy (Figure 2): In this sense, the post-covid-19 world has augmented the number of stakeholders, it is not limited to several or specific stakeholders, as one of factors in the figure 2. Citizen perspectives are also a vital component, making every people have the right.…”

“…In the context where stakeholders demand more responsibilities from corporates, the internationalization process and strategy would be harsh as the business environment in host countries might be relentless. These factors proposed by Alammar et al (2016) are still effective as the guideline for research in the field. Within the scope of the study, the research will emphasize "internationalization", "globalization", "increased stakeholders" and "government supports".…”

International business diplomacy: mining for good practices in Latin America

“…Finally, public relations may be a natural function of business diplomacy. There are many arguments in favour or against the separation of public relations and business diplomacy (Alammar and Pauleen, 2016), although the inherent international component and the complexity of the challenges faced by the latter may tilt the balance in favour of the separation of the related concepts (Saner and Yiu, 2005). The vision of public relation professional acting as diplomats goes under further questioning due to its limited contribution to stakeholder management (Engenheiro, 2018).…”