Butyltin Compounds in River Otters (Lutra canadensis) from the Northwestern United States

Kannan, Kurunthachalam; Grove, Robert A.; Senthilkumar, K.; Henny, Charles J.; Giesy, John P.

doi:10.1007/pl00006619

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…65(8): 881-885, 2003 The possible adverse effects of synthetic chemicals on reproductive organs are currently cause for great concern. Among such chemicals, bisphenol A (BPA) and tributyltin (TBT) are commonly detected in the environment [16,26,33,35] and in food products [5,36]. BPA is the monomer component of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of 17.BETA.-Estradiol, Bisphenol A and Tributyltin Chloride on Germ Cells of Caenorhabditis elegans

2003

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ABSTRACT. Effects of a one-generation exposure to a natural estrogen, 17β-estradiol (E2), and environmental pollutants such as bisphenol A (BPA) and tributyltin chloride (TBTCL) on the number of germ cells were investigated in the hermaphrodite Caenorhabditis elegans. The eggs of gravid adult worms isolated by alkaline hypochlorite treatment were seeded on a test chemical-containing NGM (nematode growth medium) agar plate without cholesterol. After incubation for 6 days at 16°C, the germ cells of adult worms were stained with 4', 6-diamino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI). The staining procedure was completed within one hour and the stained germ cells were counted under a fluorescence microscope without dissection. The number of germ cells in the worms treated with E2 (10 -10 -10 -6 M) and BPA (10 -9 -10 -5 M) was significantly increased. Maximal increases were observed at 10 -8 M E2 (156 ± 15.3% of control) and 10 -5 M BPA (168 ± 20.0 % of control). TBTCL (10 -9 -10 -6 M) significantly decreased the number of germ cells. The minimal decrease was observed at 10 -6 M TBTCL (30.2 ± 3.51% of control). These results indicate that changes in the number of germ cells are a sensitive indicator of the effects of chemicals on the reproductive system. Since the method described in this paper is a novel, simple, time-and money-saving bioassay, C. elegans is an excellent model with which to determine the reproductive toxicity of chemicals including environmental pollutants. KEY WORDS: bioassay, Caenorhabditis elegans, environmental pollutant, germ cell, reproductive toxicity.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 65(8): 881-885, 2003 The possible adverse effects of synthetic chemicals on reproductive organs are currently cause for great concern. Among such chemicals, bisphenol A (BPA) and tributyltin (TBT) are commonly detected in the environment [16,26,33,35] and in food products [5,36]. BPA is the monomer component of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. TBT, the active ingredient in antifouling paint, is a causative agent of imposex in female sea snails [3].It was reported that BPA caused the proliferation of MCF-7 cells (human breast cancer cell line) [10] and induced the expression of vitellogenin (yolk protein precursor) in cultured fish hepatocytes [7]. TBT induces the superimposition of male organs such as the penis and/or vas deferens onto the female genital system, which is known as imposex [13,32].To determine the effects of chemicals on reproductive organs, uterotrophic assays in rats [1], MCF-7 cell proliferation assays [19], estrogen receptor binding assays [23] and two-hybrid assays [12] have been used. While in vitro assays can be performed quickly and reproducibly, the findings are less relevant to whole organisms. On the other hand, in vivo assays provide information relevant to animals, but are more cost-and time-intensive.The free living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a small, rapidly growing organism that is easily maintained in the laboratory, where it can be grown on agar plates or in liquid culture with E...

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Effects of 17.BETA.-Estradiol, Bisphenol A and Tributyltin Chloride on Germ Cells of Caenorhabditis elegans

2003

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“…TBT contents range from 108 to 5770 ng Sn/g dry wt in oysters and 86.2-4260 ng Sn/g dry wt in mussels collected from the Luermen Stream Estuary, Taiwan (Tang et al 2010). Butyltin concentrations range from 8.5 to 2610 ng/g wet wt in all the river otters (Lutra canadensis) collected from rivers and coastal bays in Washington and Oregon, USA (Kannan et al 1999b). In fishes, the concentrations of TBT are 11-182 μg/kg wet weight in the muscle tissues of 11 species from Japan (Harino et al 2000), and 26.35-194.22 ng/g wet weight in the muscle tissues from Kaohsiung Harbor and the Kaoping River Estuary, Taiwan (Shue et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tributyltin in male mice disrupts glucose homeostasis as well as recovery after exposure: mechanism analysis

Guo

et al. 2017

Arch Toxicol

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Organotin compounds such as tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin can induce diabetes and insulin resistance. However, the development of diabetes caused by organotins and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, male KM mice were orally administered with TBT (0.5, 5, and 50 μg/kg) once every 3 days for 45 days. Their body weights increased and reached a significant difference compared to the control, and the fasting blood glucose levels were significantly elevated. The fasting levels of serum insulin and adiponectin increased, while glucagon levels decreased in the animals treated with TBT. The expression of the insulin receptor (IR) signaling cascade, including IR, IR substrate, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Akt, and glucose transporter 4, was inhibited both in the skeletal muscle and the liver, which might be a main reason for the hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. After removing the TBT stress for 60 days, the animals which had received exposure to TBT could recover normoglycemia, accompanied with a recovery of the suppressed IR signal pathway and fasting insulin levels. However, the fasting levels of serum adiponectin and glucagon were lower than that of the control mice, which would remain a potential risk inducing the disruption of glucose homeostasis.

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“…Tsunoda 3) measured DBT, TBT, and TPT concentrations in fish and shellfish purchased from retail markets in Niigata, Japan and reported concentrations as high as 0.674, 0.669, and 0.186 µg/g, respectively. By measuring various kinds of butyltin compounds, Kannan et al [4][5][6] reported that dolphins captured in the Mediterranean Sea in 1992 contained 1.2-2.2 µg/g wet weight total butyltin compounds, sea ducks from the west coast of British Columbia, Canada showed a maximum of 1.1 µg/g, and river otters in the American states of Washington and Oregon showed a maximum of 2.6 µg/g. Shim et al 7) measured TBT and TPT concentrations in Pacific oysters in Chinhae Bay, Korea, and reported 0.095-0.885 µg Sn/g and 0.155-0.678 µg Sn/g, respectively.…”

Section: Fig 1 Effect Of Exposure To Tbt (A D) Dbt (B E) and Tptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are some reports that high concentrations of organotin compounds have accumulated in marine organisms due to such possible causes as biological accumulation. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The genital condition, imposex, was reported in female gastropods inhabiting coastal areas. This is a well-known effect of organotin compounds on marine organisms here and throughout, and is considered to be caused by problems related to steroidogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organotin Compounds Suppress Testosterone Production in Leydig Cells from Neonatal Pig Testes

Nakajima

Sato

Ohno

et al. 2003

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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The in vitro effects of exposure to tributyltin chloride (TBT), dibutyltin dichloride (DBT), and triphenyltin chloride (TPT) on testosterone production in isolated Leydig cells from neonatal pig testes were examined. These organotin compounds strongly suppressed human chorionic gonadotropin (10 IU/ml) or 8-bromocAMP (0.1 mM) induced testosterone production when the cells were exposed to nontoxic concentrations. The suppression of testosterone production was dose-dependent over the concentration range of 0.03-0.3 M for TBT and DBT, and 0.01-0.3 M for TPT. These effective concentrations for the suppression of testosterone production were lower than that of the cytotoxic concentrations of the organotin compounds in Leydig cells and were equivalent to the accumulated concentration levels that were previously reported in marine organisms.

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Butyltin Compounds in River Otters (Lutra canadensis) from the Northwestern United States

Cited by 36 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of 17.BETA.-Estradiol, Bisphenol A and Tributyltin Chloride on Germ Cells of Caenorhabditis elegans

Effects of 17.BETA.-Estradiol, Bisphenol A and Tributyltin Chloride on Germ Cells of Caenorhabditis elegans

Tributyltin in male mice disrupts glucose homeostasis as well as recovery after exposure: mechanism analysis

Organotin Compounds Suppress Testosterone Production in Leydig Cells from Neonatal Pig Testes

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