Butyrate-induced reversal of herpes simplex virus restriction in neuroblastoma cells

Sodium valproate, an anticonvulsant drug, stimulates human cytomegalovirus replication

“…Indeed, sodium butyrate, another short-chain fatty acid, unbranched in contrast to VPA, was shown to induce HCMV replication in human endothelial cells (Radsak et al, 1989) and in a human epithelial cell line (Tanaka et al, 1991). This compound had been previously described to induce a variety of morphological and biochemical changes in different cell types (Prasad & Sinha, 1976), and also to stimulate the replication of other herpesviruses, EpsteinBarr virus and herpes simplex virus (Luka et al, 1979;Saemundsen et al, 1980;Ash, 1986) and more recently HIV (Bohan et al, 1989;Laughlin et al, 1993). We had reported that VPA also stimulated HIV replication (Simon et al, 1994).…”

Complement Depletion Facilitates the Infection of Multiple Brain Tumors by an Intravascular, Replication-Conditional Herpes Simplex Virus Mutant

“…Serum lipoproteins (33,67,68), fatty acids (3,70), immunoglobulin (20,36), and complement (23,50,64) have been reported to bind to HSV and inactivate its ability to infect cells. Immunoglobulin has also been reported to bind to infected cells and inhibit further HSV infection by immunemediated lysis through antibody-dependent cellular cytoxicity (40), opsonization of viral particles and/or cells by macrophages (39), and activation of classical complement pathways (39).…”

Sodium Valproate, an Anticonvulsant Drug, Stimulates Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication Independently of Glutathione Levels

“…VPA could act similarly to sodium butyrate, another shortchain fatty acid which, in contrast to VPA, is unbranched. Sodium butyrate has been shown to modulate the expression of several cellular and viral genes (Prasad & Sinha, 1976;Kruh, 1982) and stimulates the replication of herpes viruses (Ash, 1986;Saemundsen et al, 1980;Tanaka et al, 1991) and also of HIV-1 (Bohan et al, 1989;Laughlin et al, 1993Laughlin et al, , 1995. We have also reported that VPA, like sodium butyrate, increases the replication of CMV in human fibroblasts and transactivated the HCMV IE promoter (Kuntz- Simon & Obert,i995).…”